heatwaveR: A central algorithm for the detection of heatwaves and cold-spells

Schlegel, Robert W.; Smit, Albertus J.

doi:10.21105/joss.00821

Cited by 172 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…For each regime, we calculated the seasonal mean and variability (coefficient of variation, CV) in soil water content of the pooled daily averages. Additionally, for each SWC time series, the total and maximum number of consecutive days below permanent wilting point (of the soil) was calculated utilizing the HeatwaveR package (Schlegel & Smit, 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of short‐term biodiversity loss under more persistent precipitation regimes

Reynaert

Boeck

Verbruggen

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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Recent findings indicate that atmospheric warming increases the persistence of weather patterns in the mid‐latitudes, resulting in sequences of longer dry and wet periods compared to historic averages. The alternation of progressively longer dry and wet extremes could increasingly select for species with a broad environmental tolerance. As a consequence, biodiversity may decline. Here we explore the relationship between the persistence of summer precipitation regimes and plant diversity by subjecting experimental grassland mesocosms to a gradient of dry–wet alternation frequencies whilst keeping the total precipitation constant. The gradient varied the duration of consecutive wet and dry periods, from 1 up to 60 days with or without precipitation, over a total of 120 days. An alternation of longer dry and wet spells led to a severe loss of species richness (up to –75% relative to the current rainfall pattern in W‐Europe) and functional diversity (enhanced dominance of grasses relative to nitrogen (N)‐fixers and non‐N‐fixing forbs). Loss of N‐fixers and non‐N‐fixing forbs in severe treatments was linked to lower baseline competitive success and higher physiological sensitivity to changes in soil moisture compared to grasses. The extent of diversity losses also strongly depended on the timing of the dry and wet periods. Regimes in which long droughts (≥20 days) coincided with above‐average temperatures showed significantly more physiological plant stress over the experimental period, greater plant mortality, and impoverished communities by the end of the season. Across all regimes, the duration of the longest period below permanent wilting point was an accurate predictor of mortality across the communities, indicating that increasingly persistent precipitation regimes may reduce opportunities for drought stress alleviation. We conclude that without recruitment, which was precluded in this experiment, summer precipitation regimes with longer dry and wet spells will likely diminish plant diversity, at least in the short term.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of short‐term biodiversity loss under more persistent precipitation regimes

Reynaert

Boeck

Verbruggen

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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“…Only SST timeseries with less than 10% of missing data were used in the analysis. I used the R package heatwaveR to identify marine heatwaves from SSTs 41 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex networks of marine heatwaves reveal abrupt transitions in the global ocean

Benedetti‐Cecchi

2021

Sci Rep

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Understanding how marine heatwaves (MHWs) unfold in space and time under anthropogenic climate change is key to anticipate future impacts on ecosystems and society. Yet, our knowledge of the spatiotemporal dynamics of MHWs is very limited. Here, I combine network theory with topological data analysis and event synchronization to high-resolution satellite data and to a set of Earth System Model simulations to reveal the dynamical organization of complex MHW networks. The analysis reveals that MHWs have already crossed a tipping point separating highly synchronized preindustrial MHWs from the more extreme, but less coherent warming events we experience today. This loose spatiotemporal organization persists under a reduced RCP 2.6 emission scenario, whereas a second abrupt transition towards a permanent state of highly synchronized MHWs is foreseen by 2075 under a business-as-usual RCP 8.5 scenario. These results highlight the risks of abrupt ocean transitions, which may dramatically affect marine life and humanity by eroding valuable time for adaptation to climate change.

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“…The overall daily mean sea surface temperature was then calculated for the entire region by averaging all points. The daily mean sea surface temperature data were processed through the R package heatwaveR (Schlegel and Smit, 2018) to obtain the marine heatwave cumulative intensity (MHCI) value (Hobday et al, 2016) where we defined a heatwave as 5 days or more with daily mean sea surface temperatures greater than the 90th percentile of the 1 January 1983 through 31 December 2012 time series. MHCI were then summed for each year to create an annual index of MHCI ( Figure 2) and summed for each year for the months of January through March, November, and December to create a winter marine heatwave cumulative index (WMHCI).…”

Section: Marine Heatwave Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Heatwave Stress Test of Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management in the Gulf of Alaska Pacific Cod Fishery

2020

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heatwaveR: A central algorithm for the detection of heatwaves and cold-spells

Cited by 172 publications

References 7 publications

Risk of short‐term biodiversity loss under more persistent precipitation regimes

Risk of short‐term biodiversity loss under more persistent precipitation regimes

Complex networks of marine heatwaves reveal abrupt transitions in the global ocean

Marine Heatwave Stress Test of Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management in the Gulf of Alaska Pacific Cod Fishery

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