Heating of the molecular gas in the massive outflow of the local ultraluminous-infrared and radio-loud galaxy 4C12.50

Dasyra, K. M.; Combes, F.; Novak, Gregory S.; Bremer, M.; Spinoglio, L.; Pereira-Santaella, M.; Salomé, P.; Falgarone, É.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201323070

Cited by 48 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…we use published plotted spectra to estimate v out . For 4C 12.50 we adopt the Dasyra et al (2014) limit for CO outflow in emission but we add their outflow velocity from CO(3-2) absorption and their size estimate. For the single dish outflow detection of IRAS F17020+4544 and the low resolution interferometry of IRAS 05083+7936 we adopt a fiducial 1 kpc for R out .…”

Section: Outflow Data From the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular outflows in local galaxies: Method comparison and a role of intermittent AGN driving

Lutz

Sturm

Janssen

et al. 2020

A&A

132

137

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We report new detections and limits from a NOEMA and ALMA CO(1-0) search for molecular outflows in 13 local galaxies with high far-infrared surface brightness, and combine these with local universe CO outflow results from the literature. CO line ratios and spatial outflow structure of our targets provide some constraints on the conversion steps from observables to physical quantities such as molecular mass outflow rates. Where available, ratios between outflow emission in higher J CO transitions and in CO(1-0) typically are consistent with excitation R i1 1. For IRAS 13120-5453, however, R 31 = 2.10 ± 0.29 indicates optically thin CO in the outflow. Like much of the outflow literature, we use α CO(1−0) = 0.8, and we present arguments for using C=1 in deriving molecular mass outflow ratesṀ out = C Moutvout Rout . We compare the two main methods for molecular outflow detection: CO mm interferometry and Herschel OH-based spectroscopic outflow searches. For 26 sources studied with both methods, we find an 80% agreement in detecting v out 150 km s −1 outflows, and non-matches can be plausibly ascribed to outflow geometry and signal-to-noise ratio. For the González-Alfonso et al. (2017) sample of 12 bright ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) with detailed OH-based outflow modeling, CO outflows are detected in all but one. Outflow masses, velocities, and sizes for these 11 sources agree well between the two methods, and modest remaining differences may relate to the different but overlapping regions sampled by CO emission and OH absorption. Outflow properties correlate better with active galactic nucleus (AGN) luminosity and with bolometric luminosity than with far-infrared surface brightness. The most massive outflows are found for systems with current AGN activity, but significant outflows in non-AGN systems must relate to star formation or to AGN activity in the recent past. We report scaling relations for the increase of outflow mass, rate, momentum rate, and kinetic power with bolometric luminosity. Short ∼ 10 6 yr flow times and some sources with resolved multiple outflow episodes support a role of intermittent driving, likely by AGN.

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Section: Outflow Data From the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular outflows in local galaxies: Method comparison and a role of intermittent AGN driving

Lutz

Sturm

Janssen

et al. 2020

A&A

132

137

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“…These studies focused on the coldest phase of molecular outflows, by using strong tracers like CO andOH 119µm (e.g., Feruglio et al 2010, 2015;Fischer et al 2010;Chung et al 2011;Sturm et al 2011;Spoon et al 2013;Veilleux et al 2013;Dasyra & Combes 2012;Dasyra et al 2014;Cicone et al 2014;Sakamoto et al 2014;García-Burillo et al 2015;Aalto et al 2015;Pereira-Santaella et al 2016;González-Alfonso et al 2017). Direct measurements of molecular hydrogen in outflows rely on detecting warm and hot H 2 emission in the mid-to near-IR (e.g., Valentijn & van der Article number, page 1 of 11 arXiv:1708.09503v1 [astro-ph.GA] 30 Aug 2017 A&A proofs: manuscript no.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outflows of hot molecular gas in ultra-luminous infrared galaxies mapped with VLT-SINFONI

Emonts

Colina

López

et al. 2017

A&A

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We present the detection and morphological characterization of hot molecular gas outflows in nearby ultra-luminous infra-red galaxies (ULIRGs), using the Spectrograph for Integral Field Observations in the Near Infrared (SINFONI) on the Very Large Telescope (VLT). We detect outflows observed in the 2.12µm H 2 1-0 S(1) line for three out of four ULIRGs that we analyzed, namely IRAS 12112+0305, IRAS 14348-1447, and IRAS 22491-1808. The outflows are mapped on scales of 0.7 − 1.6 kpc, show typical outflow velocities of 300−500 km s −1 , and appear to originate from the nuclear region. The outflows comprise hot molecular gas masses of M H 2 (hot) ∼ 6−8 ×10 3 M . Assuming a hot-to-cold molecular gas mass ratio of 6 × 10 −5 , as found in nearby luminous infrared galaxies, the total (hot+cold) molecular gas mass in these outflows is expected to be M H 2 (tot) ∼ 1 × 10 8 M . This translates into molecular mass outflow rates ofṀ H 2 (tot) ∼ 30 − 85 M yr −1 , which is a factor of a few lower than the star formation rate in these ULIRGs. In addition, most of the outflowing molecular gas does not reach the escape velocity of these merger systems, which implies that the bulk of the outflowing molecular gas is re-distributed within the system and thus remains available for future star formation. The fastest H 2 outflow is seen in the Compton-thick AGN of IRAS 14348-1447, reaching a maximum outflow velocity of ∼900 km s −1 . Another ULIRG, IRAS 17208-0014, shows asymmetric H 2 line profiles different from the outflows seen in the other three ULIRGs. We discuss several alternative explanations for the line asymmetries in this system, including a very gentle galactic wind, internal gas dynamics, low-velocity gas outside the disk, or two superposed gas disks. We do not detect the hot molecular counterpart to the outflow previously detected in CO(2-1) in IRAS 17208-0014, but we note that our SINFONI data are not sensitive enough to detect this outflow if it has a small hot-to-cold molecular gas mass ratio of 9 × 10 −6 .

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“…Winds and outflows produced by the AGN can eject or heat the gas, terminate the star formation and through the lack of fuel for accretion, quench the black hole activity. Recent discovery of many massive molecular outflows (e.g., Feruglio et al, 2010;Fischer et al, 2010;Alatalo et al, 2011;Sturm et al, 2011;Dasyra and Combes, 2012;Veilleux et al, 2013;Cicone et al, 2014;Dasyra et al, 2014;García-Burillo et al, 2014) have been promoting the idea that winds may be major actors in sweeping the gas out of galaxies, in agreement with theoretical predictions of AGN driven winds models (Faucher-Giguère and Quataert, 2012;King, 2012, 2014). However, it is still difficult to distinguish the origin of the outflows, whether they are AGN-driven or starburst-driven.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Probing the Gas Fueling and Outflows in Nearby AGN with ALMA

Audibert

Combes

García‐Burillo

et al. 2017

Front. Astron. Space Sci.

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Feeding and feedback in AGN play a very important role to gain a proper understanding of galaxy formation and evolution. The interaction between activity mechanisms in the nucleus and its influence in the host galaxy are related to the physical processes involved in feedback and the gas fueling of the black hole. The discovery of many massive molecular outflows in the last few years have been promoting the idea that winds may be major actors in sweeping the gas out of galaxies. Also, the widely observed winds from the central regions of AGN are promising candidates to explain the scaling relations (e.g., the black hole-bulge mass relation, BH accretion rate tracking the star formation history) under the AGN feedback scenario. Out goal is to probe these phenomena through the kinematic and morphology of the gas inside the central kpc in nearby AGN. This has recently been possible due to the unprecedented ALMA spatial resolution and sensitivity. We present results on NGC7213 and NGC1808, the latter is part of a new ALMA follow-up of the NuGa project, a previous high-resolution (0.5-1 ′′ ) CO survey of low luminosity AGN performed with the IRAM PdBI.

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Heating of the molecular gas in the massive outflow of the local ultraluminous-infrared and radio-loud galaxy 4C12.50

Cited by 48 publications

References 87 publications

Molecular outflows in local galaxies: Method comparison and a role of intermittent AGN driving

Molecular outflows in local galaxies: Method comparison and a role of intermittent AGN driving

Outflows of hot molecular gas in ultra-luminous infrared galaxies mapped with VLT-SINFONI

Probing the Gas Fueling and Outflows in Nearby AGN with ALMA

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