Heating of Low and High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells with Alternating Current

Kurz, T.; Küfner, F.; Gerteisen, Dietmar

doi:10.1002/fuce.201700145

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(23 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An alternative strategy for the warming up of the stack during the start up phase was investigated in [152], where alternating current is applied directly to the stack with a suitable frequency aimed at heating the stack's main ohmic resistances (i.e. membrane and contact resistance).…”

Section: High Temperature Pem Fuel Cells (Ht-pemfc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of The Methanol Economy: The Fuel Cell Route

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review presents methanol as a potential renewable alternative to fossil fuels in the fight against climate change. It explores the renewable ways of obtaining methanol and its use in efficient energy systems for a net zero-emission carbon cycle, with a special focus on fuel cells. It investigates the different parts of the carbon cycle from a methanol and fuel cell perspective. In recent years, the potential for a methanol economy has been shown and there has been significant technological advancement of its renewable production and utilization. Even though its full adoption will require further development, it can be produced from renewable electricity and biomass or CO2 capture and can be used in several industrial sectors, which make it an excellent liquid electrofuel for the transition to a sustainable economy. By converting CO2 into liquid fuels, the harmful effects of CO2 emissions from existing industries that still rely on fossil fuels are reduced. The methanol can then be used both in the energy sector and the chemical industry, and become an all-around substitute for petroleum. The scope of this review is to put together the different aspects of methanol as an energy carrier of the future, with particular focus on its renewable production and its use in high-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) via methanol steam reforming.

show abstract

Section: High Temperature Pem Fuel Cells (Ht-pemfc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of The Methanol Economy: The Fuel Cell Route

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several additive ancillary heating strategies have been proposed in the literature: electric heating, 66 hydrogen pump, 67 and alternating current. 68 Temperature-dependent (−5 °C to −30 °C) thermal management strategies have been investigated on a 40-cell stack under potentiostatic control (0.5 V). 30 The researchers observed adequate exothermic self-heating rates for initial temperatures at or above −15 °C.…”

Section: Initial Water Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Subzero Automotive Fuel Cells: Water Fill Tests vs Cold-Starts

Rice

2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Subzero cold-starts are one of the last remaining challenges to the commercialization of automotive fuel cells. The ultimate cold-start target is to exothermically self-start a fuel cell stack from −20 °C to attain 50% rated power within 30 s, expending only 5 MJ of start-up/shutdown power—currently unattainable with today’s materials, thus exacerbating the performance gap of future advanced materials. There exists a disconnect between published subzero isothermal water fill test results and industrially relevant cold-starts. For an isothermal water fill test in a single cell at −20 °C, the highest water fill capacity (7.8 m g H 2 O c m − 2 in 2100 s) was observed for the lowest applied galvanostatic load of 10 mA cm−2 with the lowest initial water content (λ initial = 2.2). Conversely, the fastest time to 0 °C for a 36-cell stack from −20 °C was 54 s under an adaptive applied galvanostatic/potentiostatic load, due to adjacent cell heating accelerating the overall stack’s thermal rise. A higher λ initial of 6.2 or greater enhances the cold-start performance and thermal response of a stack. For unassisted cold-starts, both convective mass/heat flux are necessary to avoid accumulation of ice and to overcome the thermal mass of the endplates of a stack with 20-cells or more.

show abstract