Heathland Seedbanks under BrackenPteridium aquilinum(L.) Kuhn and their Importance for Re-vegetation after Bracken Control

Pakeman, Robin J.; Hay, E.

doi:10.1006/jema.1996.0057

Cited by 45 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Negative effects of P.arachnoideum on the seed bank of Cerrado sites were limited to the Melastomataceae, of which only one, relatively less common native species (L. aurea) showed an individual significant reduction. This result contrasts previous studies, which found a lower abundance or richness of native species in Pteridium stands (Pakeman and Hay, 1996;Mitchell et al, 1998;Silva and Silva Matos, 2006).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The seed morphology of the dominant species in the seed bank of both invaded and uninvaded sites highlights the prevalence of persistent seed banks in high biomass sites dominated by Pteridium. Studies on Pteridium aquilinum stands on British heathlands found that its seed bank is often dominated by Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull (Ericaceae), a native shrub that produces large amounts of small seeds (Pakeman and Hay, 1996). In the Atlantic Forest, Silva and Silva Matos (2006) observed that Tibouchina sp.…”

Section: Model Components Interceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A meta-analysis assessing the effect of invaded species on the soil seed bank found that invasion often produced a negative effect on the abundance and richness of native species, especially in invasions by large herbaceous species (Gioria et al, 2014). We, therefore, expect a negative effect of P. arachnoideum on the seed bank in the Cerrado sites, because monospecific stands of Pteridium species in both temperate and tropical regions showed lower seed bank diversity (Pakeman and Hay, 1996;Mitchell et al, 1998;Silva and Silva Matos, 2006). We also expect a negative relationship between litter biomass and seed bank abundance, considering that dense litter layer in Pteridium-dominated stands can be a barrier to seeds reaching the soil (Ghorbani et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence, the restoration potential of the ecosystem is affected, especially in areas where dispersal from nearby seed sources is limited (Funk et al, 2008). Also, many invasive species have also been shown to impact negatively on the soil seed bank (Pakeman and Hay, 1996;Gioria et al, 2012). Therefore, even after either a natural decline or deliberate weed control of invasive species, it is expected that at least some native species will have difficulties in re-establishing because of the reduced number of viable seeds in the soil (Wearne and Morgan, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of Pteridium arachnoideum(Kaulf) on the seed bank of the endangered Brazilian Cerrado

et al. 2016

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The native bracken (Pteridium arachnoideum) often occurs in mono-specific stands in the Brazilian Cerrado, and this dominance can impact on both the above-ground vegetation and soil seed bank. This study investigated how invasion by this species over a 20-year period changed the seed bank and the relationship between the seed bank and litter mass. We extracted soil samples from three replicated invaded and uninvaded sites, and followed seedling emergence for six months. We collected the above-ground biomass and litter of P. arachnoideum in ten 1m 2 plots from three invaded sites. There was no difference between invaded and uninvaded areas in seed bank richness, diversity or overall abundance. The most abundant family was the Melastomataceae, followed by the Poaceae. The Melastomataceae was more abundant in uninvaded sites, but the most common species of this family (Tibouchinastenocarpa) was not affected. The grasses were more common in invaded sites in the rainy season and were affected by heterogeneity in the litter layer. The seed bank could play a role in the recovery of these invaded areas, but the presence of weeds and invasive grasses could constrain their use as a management strategy.Keywords: bracken, Melastomataceae, litter, savanna, biological invasion. Impacto de Pteridium arachnoideum (Kaulf) no banco de sementes do CerradoResumo O samambaião (Pteridium arachnoideum) frequentemente domina áreas de cerrado, e pode alterar tanto a vegetação estabelecida quanto o banco de sementes do solo. Nesse estudo investigamos como áreas de cerrado invadidas por essa espécie a mais de 20 anos alteraram o banco de sementes, e também a relação entre banco de sementes e quantidade de serapilheira. Extraímos amostras de solo em três invadidas e em áreas controle adjacentes, e monitoramos a emergência de plântulas por seis meses. Coletamos a biomassa aérea e a serapilheira de P. arachnoideum em dez parcelas de 1m 2 nas áreas invadidas. Ariqueza, diversidade e abundância totalnão diferiram entre áreas invadidas e controle. A família mais abundante foi Melastomataceae, seguida por Poaceae. Melastomataceae foi mais comum em áreas controle, mas não a espécie mais comum nessa família (Tibouchina stenocarpa). Gramíneas foram predominantes em áreas invadidas durante a estação chuvosa, e foram afetadas pela heterogeneidade da camada de serapilheira. O banco de sementes pode ser importante para a recuperação dessas áreas invadidas, mas esse uso pode ser prejudicado pela presença de ervas daninhas e gramíneas invasoras.Palavras-chave: samambaião, Melastomataceae, serapilheira, savana, invasão biológica.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Components Interceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of Pteridium arachnoideum(Kaulf) on the seed bank of the endangered Brazilian Cerrado

et al. 2016

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“…Soil amendment, with elemental sulphur for example, can be carried out successfully (Owen et al, 1999;Owen and Marrs, 2000) although it could be economically prohibitive in the upland regions in question. Furthermore, it has been shown that the seedbank is likely to be depauperate on land intended heath restoration (Putwain and Gilham, 1990;Pakeman and Hay, 1996). Seed application may assist recovery.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation development on upland and marginal land treated with herbicide, for bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) control, in Great Britain

Duc

Pakeman

Marrs

2000

Journal of Environmental Management

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Tree seed rain and seed removal, but not the seed bank, impede forest recovery in bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn)‐dominated clearings in the African highlands

Ssali

Moe

Sheil

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Considerable areas dominated by bracken Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn occur worldwide and are associated with arrested forest recovery. How forest recovery is impeded in these areas remains poorly understood, especially in the African highlands. The component processes that can lead to recruitment limitation—including low seed arrival, availability and persistence—are important determinants of plant communities and offer a potential explanation for bracken persistence. We investigated key processes that can contribute to recruitment limitation in bracken‐dominated clearings in the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda. We examined if differences in seed rain (dispersal limitation), soil seed bank, or seed removal (seed viability and persistence) can, individually or in combination, explain the differences in tree regeneration found between bracken‐dominated areas and the neighboring forest. These processes were assessed along ten 50‐m transects crossing the forest–bracken boundary. When compared to the neighboring forest, bracken clearings had fewer seedlings (bracken 11,557 ± 5482 vs. forest 34,515 ± 6066 seedlings/ha), lower seed rain (949 ± 582 vs. 1605 ± 335 tree seeds m−2 year−1), comparable but sparse soil seed bank (304 ± 236 vs. 264 ± 99 viable tree seeds/m2), higher seed removal (70.1% ± 2.4% vs. 40.6% ± 2.4% over a 3‐day interval), and markedly higher rodent densities (25.7 ± 5.4 vs. 5.0 ± 1.6 rodents per 100 trapping sessions). Camera traps revealed that rodents were the dominant animals visiting the seeds in our seed removal study. Synthesis: Recruitment limitation contributes to both the slow recovery of forest in bracken‐dominated areas, and to the composition of the tree species that occur. Low seed arrival and low persistence of unburied seeds can both explain the reduced density of seedlings found in bracken versus neighboring forest. Seed removal, likely due to rodents, in particular appears sufficient to constrain forest recovery and impacts some species more severely than others.

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Heathland Seedbanks under BrackenPteridium aquilinum(L.) Kuhn and their Importance for Re-vegetation after Bracken Control

Cited by 45 publications

References 16 publications

The role of Pteridium arachnoideum(Kaulf) on the seed bank of the endangered Brazilian Cerrado

The role of Pteridium arachnoideum(Kaulf) on the seed bank of the endangered Brazilian Cerrado

Vegetation development on upland and marginal land treated with herbicide, for bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) control, in Great Britain

Tree seed rain and seed removal, but not the seed bank, impede forest recovery in bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn)‐dominated clearings in the African highlands

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