Heated graphite cylinder electrodes

Highly sensitive detection of silybin based on adsorptive stripping analysis at single-sided heated screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes with direct current heating

“…While according to Ref [44], with the same heating current, the temperature rising of the electrode is only determined by the electrode diameter (or width in this paper) and has no relation with the electrode length [44]. So for the surface temperature of the ss-HSPCE, the data in Ref.…”

“…HMWEs have been widely used in electroanalytical chemistry, such as stripping analysis of heavy metals [36], DNA hybridization detection [37], electrochemical behavior studies of cytochrome c [38] and NADH [39], detection of shikimic acid [40], and enhancing electrochemiluminescence of Ru(bpy) 3 2+ [41]. In order to improve biological compatibility, several kinds of carbon-based heated electrodes have been designed, such as heated carbon paste electrodes (HCPEs) for stripping analysis of nucleic acid [42] and damage to DNA [43], heated graphite cylinder electrodes (HGCEs) for adsorptive stripping analysis of riboflavin [44,45]. Screen-printing (thick film) microfabrication technology is commonly used for large-scale production of inexpensive and disposable electrochemical sensors [46,47].…”

An Electrically Heated Au Electrode for Electrochemical Detection in Microchip System

“…A series of research was done by Wang and Gründler [8 -10] and hot wire electrodes were first proposed to be used in electroanalytical flow systems, developing a new promising thermal modulation amperometric approach for monitoring flowing schemes. Sun [11,12] fabricated a new heated graphite cylinder electrode, and applied an electrically heated carbon paste electrode to capillary electrophoresis [13,14]. Baranski [15,16] introduced a hot-disk microelectrode heated by using an alternating potential of very high frequency (0.1 -2 GHz) and high amplitude (up to 2.8 V rms).…”

A Simple Approach to the Solution of the Diffusion Equation at the Microcylinder Electrode—an Inspiration from the Film Projector

“…[1][2][3] In the family of microelectrodes, the microcylinder, [4][5][6] for example the carbon fiber electrode, is one of the favorites that is frequently used in in vivo measurements [7] due to its wide potential range [8] and high biocompatibility. [9] Recently, microcylinder electrodes, such as Pt wires, [10] Au wires and [11] graphite cylinders, [12] used as heated electrodes, [13] are also well developed as a highly sensitive analytical method.…”