Heat Treatment of Dental Alloys: A Review

Brantley, William A.; Alapati, Satish B.

doi:10.5772/52398

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…While Wave one Gold is exposed to heat treatment before and after file machining [9]. It was documented that heat treatment of file after machining overcome the machining procedure defects and modify the crystalline phase with a significant increase in flexibility [25]. As for Hyflex EDM, it is fabricated by electrical discharge machining (EDM) followed by heat treatment which exhibited considerable amounts of the R-phase and martensite which increases flexibility [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Flexibility, Microstructure and Elemental Analysis of Some Contemporary Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments

Hamdy

Galal

Ismail

et al. 2019

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Contemporary nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary endodontic instruments had a revolutionary impact on the success of root canal treatment. AIM: To evaluate the flexibility, microstructure and elemental analysis of four different recent NiTi rotary instruments, namely; Wave One Gold, TF adaptive, HyFlex EDM and Gr_Reciproc Blue compared to conventional Protaper Universal (F2). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The NiTi rotary files were subjected to cantilever bending test to evaluate their flexibility. The microstructural characteristics and elemental analysis were examined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX). RESULTS: The TF adaptive, HyFlex EDM and Wave One Gold endodontic files showed significantly lower cantilever bending values (i.e., higher flexibility) than Protaper F2 and Gr_Reciproc Blue (p < 0.05). The SEM micrographs showed that the bulk of all examined files showed multiple striations due to the cutting process, on the other hand, their external surfaces were different: The Protaper Universal F2 showed multiple voids, while the TF Adaptive surface exhibited more uniform structure. The Hyflex EDM had a crater-like surface, whereas Wave one Gold showed machining grooves with minimum defects, while Reciproc Blue displayed machining grooves with random scratch lines. There was a significant difference in bulk and surface elemental analysis of the various examined files, yet composed mainly of the same elements. CONCLUSION: Chemical composition, heat treatment, manufacturing process and geometrical design of the NiTi rotary instrument have a great influence on their flexibility and microstructure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Flexibility, Microstructure and Elemental Analysis of Some Contemporary Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments

Hamdy

Galal

Ismail

et al. 2019

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The first is that of the modulus of elasticity (E), which in the context of the flexural rigidity, EI z , where the effect of the cross-section (size and shape) of the wire is manifest through the second moment of area, I z [Chap. 23,4], controls the forces which may be applied. The second is the formability: the ease with which a wire can be shaped as desired.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of other companies now market cobalt-chromium orthodontic wires, but no studies of their mechanical properties and the results of heat treatment have apparently been reported [23]. In view of the dearth of information, the tensile behavior of Elgiloy, in its various tempers, with and without heat treatment, was studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A furnace heat treatment for 10 min was said to achieve the same result. [23] In fact, RMO used to sell a "temper paste" that would flash when the desired temperature was reached. This product has been discontinued.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence, [the properties] of the heat-treated wire were unknown. [18] Supposedly, the required heat treatment can be performed easily with the aid of an electrical resistance-welding apparatus [23], with a paste to show when the appropriate conditions of temperature and time have been achieved. A furnace heat treatment for 10 min was said to achieve the same result.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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