Heat treatment affects protein quality and protease activity in decapsulated cysts of Artemia when used as starter food for larvae of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell)

Abstract

Decapsulated cysts of Artemia subjected to different heat treatments (40, 60, 80 and 96 °C) were fed to African catfish Clarias gariepinus larvae. Heated cysts, untreated cysts and live Artemia nauplii as control constituted the experimental diets. Protein denaturation and solubility, total alkaline protease and specific trypsin activities in the cyst diets were evaluated. The growth of catfish larvae and the proteolytic activity of larval samples during development were also determined. Heat treatment of cysts increased protein denaturation and decreased protein solubility. The protease activity in the cyst diets decreased with higher heating temperatures. The growth of catfish larvae differed according to the diet; higher fish growth was achieved with nauplii and cysts heated at 40 °C. The digestive enzyme activity in larval samples remained similar in all dietary treatments during larval development. The quality of food protein and the way this protein is processed might be more important for successful larval growth than exogenous enzyme supply.

Use of decapsulated Artemia cysts in ornamental fish culture

“…When comparing the results of the two experiments using guppy fry (Table 2) and tetra fry, respectively (Table 8), it became apparent that fish fed brine cysts tended to display a higher level of stress resistance, while those fed dried cysts tended to fare better in growth and survival. The better growth recorded in fry fed dried cysts corroborated the observation that heat treatment at 40 °C used in cysts preparation would not affect the protein quality of the cysts (Garcia‐Ortega, Verreth, Van Hoornyck & Segner 2000).…”

The problem of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture of marine fish larvae, with emphasis on Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.)

“…During production of formulated diets for fish larvae there can be a severe loss of nutrients and change in the nutritional quality due to heating, chemical interactions or leaching during bead formation and washing stages (Gabaudan et al. 1980; García‐Ortega et al. 2000; Yúfera et al.…”

“…Diets produced with either heating or cross‐linking of proteins will have a significant decrease in water‐soluble protein due to denaturation and/or polymerization (Boye et al. 1997; García‐Ortega et al. 2000), and this may oppose with larval preferences (Carvalho et al.…”

“…Digestibility of the raw materials and inactivation of nutrients can also be affected by the production processes of feeds (Teshima & Kanazawa 1983; García‐Ortega et al. 2000).…”

Effect of Microparticulate Diets on Growth and Survival of Spotted Sand Bass Larvae, Paralabrax maculatofasciatus, at Two Early Weaning Times

“…From this perspective, studies to improve early weaning of fish larvae used different protein sources (freeze‐dried Artemia , decapsulated Artemia cysts, fish or squid meals or hydrolysates, blood meal, amphipod, and krill meal) have been tested with remarkable results on growth and survival. Selected example include red sea bream, Pagrus major ; Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus ; red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus ; Dover sole, Solea solea ; winter flounder, Pleuronectes americanus ; European bass, Dicentrarchus labrax ; turbot, Scophthalmus maximus ; Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua ; African catfish, Clarias gariepinus ; sole Solea senegalensis ; haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus ; Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus ; fat snook, Centropomus parallelus; and barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Kanazawa et al 1989; Holt 1993; Coutteau et al 1995; Lee and Litvak 1996; Geurden et al 1997; Cañavate and Fernández‐Díaz 1999; Baskerville‐Bridges and Kling 2000; García‐Ortega et al 2000; Hamlin and Kling 2001; Blair et al 2003; Tonheim et al 2005; Alves et al 2006; Nankervis and Southgate 2006; Opstad et al 2006).…”