Heat-treated palm oil fuel ash as an effective supplementary cementitious material originating from agriculture waste

Alsubari, Belal; Shafigh, Payam; Ibrahim, Zainah; Jumaat, Mohd Zamin

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.01.134

Cited by 35 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Cement is a vital ingredient of all types of concrete; thus, with the increase in construction using concrete, the demand for production of cement increases. Researchers [3,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] have focused on the utilization of waste materials attempting to find alternative cementitious materials that can be used instead of cement and resolving the ever-growing environmental issues related to the generation of waste materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of Palm Oil Fuel Ash and Egg shell Powder as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Sustainable Foamed Concrete

et al. 2020

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The release of carbon dioxide (CO2) during the production of cement and the increase in waste generation has allowed the construction to focus on sustainability by replacing cement with agricultural waste resources such as Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) and Eggshell Powder (ESP). This experimental study focuses on developing sustainable foamed concrete incorporating high content of POFA and ESP as cement replacement with the aim of cement conversion, reduction in natural resources depletion, reduction of CO2 emissions and cleaner production. Cement was replaced using 30 and 35% POFA and 5 to 15% ESP by weight of cement. It was observed that the flowability decreased with the increase in the content of POFA and ESP; this is due to their ability to absorb water. It was also observed that 40% cement replacement achieved satisfactory compressive strength while the tensile stress loss was significant. This study confirmed that recycling and reusing of POFA and ESP are possible in foamed concrete which could be used for non-structural applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of Palm Oil Fuel Ash and Egg shell Powder as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Sustainable Foamed Concrete

et al. 2020

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“…The hexagonal plate of Ca(OH) 2 (CH, portlandite) can be seen inside the concrete pores and matrix (Figure 7a and Figure 8a) when no POFA is used. This is due to the hydration of tricalcium silicate (C 3 S) and dicalcium silicate (C 2 S) [54], which create CH after reacting with water. There is not enough SiO 2 inside M0 (Figure 7a and Figure 8a) mixture that can consume CH to produce additional C-S-H.…”

Section: Test Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Micro and Nano Palm Oil Fuel Ash to Determine the Carbonation Resistance of the Concrete in Accelerated Condition

et al. 2019

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The carbonation rate of reinforced concrete is influenced by three parameters, namely temperature, relative humidity, and concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the surroundings. As knowledge of the service lifespan of reinforced concrete is crucial in terms of corrosion, the carbonation process is important to study, and high-performance durable reinforced concretes can be produced to prolong the effects of corrosion. To examine carbonation resistance, accelerated carbonation testing was conducted in accordance with the standards of BS 1881-210:2013. In this study, 10–30% of micro palm oil fuel ash (mPOFA) and 0.5–1.5% of nano-POFA (nPOFA) were incorporated into concrete mixtures to determine the optimum amount for achieving the highest carbonation resistance after 28 days water curing and accelerated CO2 conditions up to 70 days of exposure. The effect of carbonation on concrete specimens with the inclusion of mPOFA and nPOFA was investigated. The carbonation depth was identified by phenolphthalein solution. The highest carbonation resistance of concrete was found after the inclusion of 10% mPOFA and 0.5% nPOFA, while the lowest carbonation resistance was found after the inclusion of 30% mPOFA and 1.5% nPOFA.

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“…Even though the particles have a wide range of forms, they are majority sphere-shaped and have SG less than cement [ 54 ]. This finding may be attributed to the decrease of LOI via heating treatment [ 52 ]. The change in color of POFA concrete depends on the volume of POFA added, the chemical reaction and the degree of heating [ 54 ].…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The change in color of POFA concrete depends on the volume of POFA added, the chemical reaction and the degree of heating [ 54 ]. However, investigators found that the concrete color indicates the intensity and duration of heat exposure to which it was fired [ 16 , 52 , 53 ]. In particular, unground POFA has a gray color due to the unburnt carbon content left-hand at a reasonably low heat and whitish in the absence of un-burnt carbon and dark grey of ground POFA [ 28 ].…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Palm Oil Fuel Ash-Based Eco-Efficient Concrete: A Critical Review of the Short-Term Properties

et al. 2021

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The huge demand for concrete is predicted to upsurge due to rapid construction developments. Environmental worries regarding the large amounts of carbon dioxide emanations from cement production have resulted in new ideas to develop supplemental cementing materials, aiming to decrease the cement volume required for making concrete. Palm-oil-fuel-ash (POFA) is an industrial byproduct derived from palm oil waste’s incineration in power plants’ electricity generation. POFA has high pozzolanic characteristics. It is highly reactive and exhibits satisfactory micro-filling ability and unique properties. POFA is commonly used as a partially-alternated binder to Portland cement materials to make POFA-based eco-efficient concrete to build building using a green material. This paper presents a review of the material source, chemical composition, clean production and short-term properties of POFA. A review of related literature provides comprehensive insights into the potential application of POFA-based eco-efficient concrete in the construction industry today.

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Heat-treated palm oil fuel ash as an effective supplementary cementitious material originating from agriculture waste

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

Incorporation of Palm Oil Fuel Ash and Egg shell Powder as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Sustainable Foamed Concrete

Incorporation of Palm Oil Fuel Ash and Egg shell Powder as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Sustainable Foamed Concrete

Optimization of Micro and Nano Palm Oil Fuel Ash to Determine the Carbonation Resistance of the Concrete in Accelerated Condition

Palm Oil Fuel Ash-Based Eco-Efficient Concrete: A Critical Review of the Short-Term Properties

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