At non-negligible values of the Knudsen number Kn (defined as the ratio between the mean free path of the fluid particles in a gas and the characteristic length of the domain), the Navier-Stokes equations lose applicability [1, 2]. Such rarefied gas flows can be approached within the framework of the Boltzmann equation [3-5]. This equation describes the six-dimensional phase-space evolution of the distribution function f , where f (t, x, p)d 3 xd 3 p gives the number of particles at time t which are contained in an infinitesimal volume d 3 x centred on x, having momenta in an infinitesimal range d 3 p about p. Because of its complexity, the Boltzmann equation can be solved analytically only in a very limited number of cases. Alternatively, numerous well-established approaches to the numerical solutions of the Boltzmann equation are now currently used for academic or engineering purposes, of which we only mention the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) technique [6], the discrete velocity models (DVMs) [7-9], the discrete unified gas-kinetic scheme (DUGKS) [10-12] and the lattice Boltzmann (LB) models [13-20]. The LB models are a particular type of DVMs and are derived from the Boltzmann equation using a simplified version of the collision operator, as well as an appropriate discretisation of the momentum space, which ensure the recovery of the moments of the distribution function f up to a certain order N. Originally derived nearly 30 years ago from the lattice gas automata [17, 19, 20], the LB