“…In fin and tube heat exchanger often negligible heat transfer takes place in the downstream of the circular tube due to a low velocity fluid which can be enhanced by several hundred percent by placing VG in the wake region behind the tubes (Biswas et al , 1994;Joardar and Jacobi , 2008). Several experimental and numerical studies on different configurations of VGs have been carried out over the last two decades (Turk and Junkhan , 1986;Joardar and Jacobi , 2008;Tiggelbeck et al , 1992Tiggelbeck et al , , 1993Jacobi and Shah , 1995;Jang et al , 2013) including fin and tube heat exchangers (Fiebig , 1995;.…”