Heat Transfer Characteristics of Turbulent Flow in Double-90°-Bend Pipes

Abstract

This study evaluates the heat dissipation and Nusselt number for an S-shaped double-bend pipe, for which an experimental evaluation is lacking. In terms of the velocity field, the mean velocity and turbulent kinetic energy were measured through particle image velocimetry. Heat transfer characteristics were evaluated in validated conjugate heat transfer simulations, and a k-ω SST turbulence model was used for flow simulation inside the pipe. Heat transfer enhancement was observed at the first bend, as observed in previous studies on single-bend and U-shaped bends, whereas no heat transfer enhancement was observed at the second bend. This result was due to higher turbulent heat flux at the first bend because of higher eddy diffusion on the outside of the bend, whereas eddy diffusion was lower on the outside of the second bend owing to the history of the first bend. The heat transfer characteristics of the S-shaped double-bend pipe elucidated in this study provide valuable insight for devising strategies to reduce heat loss in automotive exhaust pipes with multiple bends. Furthermore, the conjugate heat transfer simulation model used in this study provides a benchmark for heat transfer calculations for multi-bend pipes.

Research on the Temperature Variation Law during the Nitrogen Pre-Cooling Process in LNG Unloading Pipelines

“…Jong Chull [27] developed a bent pipe model and employed numerical simulation methods to study the impact of bent pipe structures on the internal heat exchange in pipelines. Yuki et al [28] assessed the heat dissipation and Nusselt number in an S-shaped double-bend pipe using particle image velocimetry to measure mean velocity and turbulent kinetic energy, and they also validated conjugate heat transfer simulations with a kSST turbulence model for flow analysis. Enhanced heat transfer was noted at the first bend, due to higher turbulent heat flux and eddy diffusion, unlike the second bend, which had a reduced eddy diffusion that was influenced by the first bend.…”