Heat-tolerant Flowering Plants of Active Geothermal Areas in Yellowstone National Park

Stout, Richard G.; Al-Niemi, Thamir S.

doi:10.1093/aob/mcf174

Cited by 62 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Perhaps because of their small area, high temperatures, mineralization, and reputation for constant habitat change, geothermal areas have rarely been identified as potential refugia (49,62). Nonetheless, contemporary active regions can harbor a diverse biota, even soon after eruption (63,64).…”

Section: (86%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geothermal activity helps life survive glacial cycles

Fraser

Terauds

Smellie

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

133

103

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Climate change has played a critical role in the evolution and structure of Earth's biodiversity. Geothermal activity, which can maintain ice-free terrain in glaciated regions, provides a tantalizing solution to the question of how diverse life can survive glaciations. No comprehensive assessment of this "geothermal glacial refugia" hypothesis has yet been undertaken, but Antarctica provides a unique setting for doing so. The continent has experienced repeated glaciations that most models indicate blanketed the continent in ice, yet many Antarctic species appear to have evolved in almost total isolation for millions of years, and hence must have persisted in situ throughout. How could terrestrial species have survived extreme glaciation events on the continent? Under a hypothesis of geothermal glacial refugia and subsequent recolonization of nongeothermal regions, we would expect to find greater contemporary diversity close to geothermal sites than in nongeothermal regions, and significant nestedness by distance of this diversity. We used spatial modeling approaches and the most comprehensive, validated terrestrial biodiversity dataset yet created for Antarctica to assess spatial patterns of diversity on the continent. Models clearly support our hypothesis, indicating that geothermally active regions have played a key role in structuring biodiversity patterns in Antarctica. These results provide critical insights into the evolutionary importance of geothermal refugia and the history of Antarctic species.dispersal | GIS | polar region | volcano | Last Glacial Maximum

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Section: (86%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geothermal activity helps life survive glacial cycles

Fraser

Terauds

Smellie

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

133

103

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“…The presence of sHsp of Cytoplasmic Class 1 was reported, but they were not expressed in the shoot system. On the other hand, Hsp100 (Hsp101) was detected in both leaves and root system (Stout and Al-Niemi, 2002).…”

Section: Phenomena Of Induction Of Hsps In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant heat-shock proteins: A mini review

Al-Whaibi

2011

Journal of King Saud University - Science

404

213

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Plants as sessile organisms are exposed to persistently changing stress factors. The primary stresses such as drought, salinity, cold and hot temperatures and chemicals are interconnected in their effects on plants. These factors cause damage to the plant cell and lead to secondary stresses such as osmotic and oxidative stresses. Plants cannot avoid the exposure to these factors but adapt morphologically and physiologically by some other mechanisms. Almost all stresses induce the production of a group of proteins called heat-shock proteins (Hsps) or stress-induced proteins. The induction of transcription of these proteins is a common phenomenon in all living things. These proteins are grouped in plants into five classes according to their approximate molecular weight: (1) Hsp100, (2) Hsp90, (3) Hsp70, (4) Hsp60 and (5) small heat-shock proteins (sHsps). Higher plants have at least 20 sHsps and there might be 40 kinds of these sHsps in one plant species. It is believed that this diversification of these proteins reflects an adaptation to tolerate the heat stress. Transcription of heat-shock protein genes is controlled by regulatory proteins called heat stress transcription factors (Hsfs). Plants show at least 21 Hsfs with each one having its role in regulation, but they also cooperate in all phases of periodical heat stress responses (triggering, maintenance and recovery). There are more than 52 plant species (including crop ones) that have been genetically engineered for different traits such as yield, herbicide and insecticide resistance and some metabolic changes.In conclusion, major heat-shock proteins have some kind of related roles in solving the problem of misfolding and aggregation, as well as their role as chaperones.

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“…The heat-resistant grass Dichanthelium lanuginosum (Schmoll) Spellenb. (Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould and Clark; hot springs panicgrass, Poaceae) occurs exclusively in geothermal areas within YNP and can grow in soil temperatures reaching 57°C [38]. A second grass, Agrostis scabra Willd., (rough bentgrass, Poaceae) occurs in geothermal as well as nonthermal sites.…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Community Analysis of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Roots of Geothermal Soils in Yellowstone National Park (USA)

et al. 2008

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To better understand adaptation of plants and their mycorrhizae to extreme environmental conditions, we analyzed the composition of communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in roots from geothermal sites in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), USA. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were identified using molecular methods including seven specific primer pairs for regions of the ribosomal DNA that amplify different subgroups of AMF. Roots of Dichanthelium lanuginosum, a grass only occurring in geothermal areas, were sampled along with thermal and nonthermal Agrostis scabra and control plants growing outside the thermally influenced sites. In addition, root samples of Agrostis stolonifera from geothermal areas of Iceland were analyzed to identify possible common mycosymbionts between these geographically isolated locations. In YNP, 16 ribosomal DNA phylotypes belonging to the genera Archaeospora, Glomus, Paraglomus, Scutellospora, and Acaulospora were detected. Eight of these phylotypes could be assigned to known morphospecies, two others have been reported previously in molecular studies from different environments, and six were new to science. The most diverse and abundant lineage was Glomus group A, with the most frequent phylotype corresponding to Glomus intraradices. Five of the seven phylotypes detected in a preliminary sampling in a geothermal area in Iceland were also found in YNP. Nonthermal vegetation was dominated by a high diversity of Glomus group A phylotypes while nonthermal plants were not. Using multivariate analyses, a subset of three phylotypes were determined to be associated with geothermal conditions in the field sites analyzed. In conclusion, AMF communities in geothermal soils are distinct in their composition, including both unique phylotypes and generalist fungi that occur across a broad range of environmental conditions.

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Heat-tolerant Flowering Plants of Active Geothermal Areas in Yellowstone National Park

Cited by 62 publications

References 33 publications

Geothermal activity helps life survive glacial cycles

Geothermal activity helps life survive glacial cycles

Plant heat-shock proteins: A mini review

Molecular Community Analysis of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Roots of Geothermal Soils in Yellowstone National Park (USA)

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