Heat tolerance in leaves of tropical fruit crops as measured by chlorophyll fluorescence

Yamada, Masahiko; Hidaka, Tetsushi; Fukamachi, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/s0304-4238(96)00931-4

Cited by 122 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Tree crops' longer roots make them better at nutrient uptake, and less responsive to a single year of weather variability (Nguyen et al, 2012). Furthermore, tree crops such as oil palm and coconut are very resilient to heat stress, particularly short-lived heat stress, whereas popular tuber crops such as cassava, yam and sweet potato are only moderately heat-tolerant (Hartley, 1967;Kuo et al, 1993;Onwueme and Charles, 1994;Yamada et al, 1996). There is no evidence here that African societies chose more durable crop types in drier AEZs.…”

Section: Figure 2 Map Of Agro-ecological Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate and the slave trade

Fenske

Kala

2015

Journal of Development Economics

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ABSTRACT. African societies exported more slaves in colder years. Lower temperatures reduced mortality and raised agricultural yields, lowering slave supply costs. Our results help explain African participation in the slave trade, which predicts adverse outcomes today. We use an annual panel of African temperatures and port-level slave exports to show that exports declined when local temperatures were warmer than normal. This result is strongest where African ecosystems are least resilient to climate change. Cold weather shocks at the peak of the slave trade predict lower economic activity today. We support our interpretation using the histories of Whydah, Benguela, and Mozambique.

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Section: Figure 2 Map Of Agro-ecological Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate and the slave trade

Fenske

Kala

2015

Journal of Development Economics

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“…The value of F was related to the stability of the light-harvesting complexes and thus to the stability of its pigments (Yamada et al 1996). Moreover, LA has been described as an inhibitor of chlorophyll synthesis in algae and higher plants (Johanningmeier and Howell 1984).…”

Section: Levulinate Toxicity In Algaementioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicity studies of the levulinate ester series

et al. 2014

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Abstract:The increasing interest in the development of novel green solvents has led to the synthesis of benign alternative products with minimized environmental impacts.However, most of published studies on green solvents focus primarily on their physicochemical properties, with limited emphasis on absence of ecotoxicological assessment. In this study, we evaluated the acute ecotoxicity of four levulinates (levulinic acid, methyl levulinate, ethyl levulinate and butyl levulinate) on freshwater algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii), bacteria (Vibrio fischeri), daphnids (Daphnia magna) and earthworms (Eisenia foetida) using various dose-response tests. As a general trend, the toxicity of levulinate esters in aquatic exposure (assessed as the EC 50 ) increased as a function of increasing alkyl chain length; accordingly, the most toxic compound for the aquatic organisms was butyl levulinate, followed by ethyl levulinate and methyl levulinate. The most toxic compound for Eisenia foetida (terrestrial exposure) was methyl levulinate, followed by ethyl levulinate, butyl levulinate and levulinic acid; in this case, we observed an inverse relationship between toxicity and alkyl chain length. Based on both the lowest EC 50 found in the aquatic media and the ratio between predicted environmental concentration (PEC) and the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC), we have estimated the maximum allowable values in the 2 environment for these chemicals to be 1.093 mg L -1 for levulinic acid, 2.761 mg L -1 for methyl levulinate, 0.982 mg L -1 for ethyl levulinate and 0.151 mg L -1 for butyl levulinate.

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“…Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements combined with gas exchange measurements can be used to comprehensively estimate the photosynthesis reaction and ability. Furthermore, they can be used for the evaluation of heat tolerance in several plants (Greer, 2015;Yamada et al, 1996b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature on Photosynthesis Characteristics in the Passion Fruits ‘Summer Queen’ and ‘Ruby Star’

Shimada¹,

Kubo²,

Tominaga³

et al. 2017

The Hortic J

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The effects of temperature and light on photosynthetic, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics under high temperature in the passion fruits 'Summer Queen' (P. edulis × P. edulis f. flavicarpa) and 'Ruby Star' (P. edulis × P. edulis f. flavicarpa) were examined. Photosynthetic rates of both cultivars markedly and linearly increased up to 300 μmol·m photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD). Regarding the relationship between temperature and photosynthesis, the maximum value of the apparent photosynthetic rate of 'Summer Queen' was observed at 30°C, and it was lower at both lower and higher temperatures. In 'Ruby Star', on the other hand, the maximum value was observed at 20 to 30°C, and this decreased at 35 and 40°C. The gross photosynthetic rate of 'Summer Queen' decreased over 30°C whereas in 'Ruby Star', it decreased to a lesser extent. The transpiration rate of 'Ruby Star' was higher than that of 'Summer Queen' at 40°C. Dark respiration increased from 20 to 40°C in both cultivars. Concerning chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, 'Summer Queen' showed high-temperature injury at 40°C and all parameters were significantly decreased at 45°C. On the other hand, Fv/Fm showed only a slight decrease at 45°C in 'Ruby Star'. These results indicate that 'Summer Queen' is susceptible to heat stress and that the range of its optimal temperature for photosynthesis is lower than 'Ruby Star'.

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Heat tolerance in leaves of tropical fruit crops as measured by chlorophyll fluorescence

Cited by 122 publications

References 11 publications

Climate and the slave trade

Climate and the slave trade

Ecotoxicity studies of the levulinate ester series

Effect of Temperature on Photosynthesis Characteristics in the Passion Fruits ‘Summer Queen’ and ‘Ruby Star’

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