Heat stress in poultry production: Mitigation strategies to overcome the future challenges facing the global poultry industry

Nawab, Aamir; Ibtisham, Fahar; Li, Guanghui; Kieser, Barbara; Wu, Jianli; Li, Wenchao; Yi, Zhao; Nawab, Yasir; Li, Kongquan; Xiao, Mei; An, Lilong

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.08.010

Cited by 262 publications

(208 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Inadequate temperature [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Inadequate ventilation and increased dust [1,18,19,40,41] Inadequate lightning [1,18,19,42,43]…”

Section: Technological Stressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Defence Systems and Oxidative Stress in Poultry Biology: An Update

et al. 2019

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Poultry in commercial settings are exposed to a range of stressors. A growing body of information clearly indicates that excess ROS/RNS production and oxidative stress are major detrimental consequences of the most common commercial stressors in poultry production. During evolution, antioxidant defence systems were developed in poultry to survive in an oxygenated atmosphere. They include a complex network of internally synthesised (e.g., antioxidant enzymes, (glutathione) GSH, (coenzyme Q) CoQ) and externally supplied (vitamin E, carotenoids, etc.) antioxidants. In fact, all antioxidants in the body work cooperatively as a team to maintain optimal redox balance in the cell/body. This balance is a key element in providing the necessary conditions for cell signalling, a vital process for regulation of the expression of various genes, stress adaptation and homeostasis maintenance in the body. Since ROS/RNS are considered to be important signalling molecules, their concentration is strictly regulated by the antioxidant defence network in conjunction with various transcription factors and vitagenes. In fact, activation of vitagenes via such transcription factors as Nrf2 leads to an additional synthesis of an array of protective molecules which can deal with increased ROS/RNS production. Therefore, it is a challenging task to develop a system of optimal antioxidant supplementation to help growing/productive birds maintain effective antioxidant defences and redox balance in the body. On the one hand, antioxidants, such as vitamin E, or minerals (e.g., Se, Mn, Cu and Zn) are a compulsory part of the commercial pre-mixes for poultry, and, in most cases, are adequate to meet the physiological requirements in these elements. On the other hand, due to the aforementioned commercially relevant stressors, there is a need for additional support for the antioxidant system in poultry. This new direction in improving antioxidant defences for poultry in stress conditions is related to an opportunity to activate a range of vitagenes (via Nrf2-related mechanisms: superoxide dismutase, SOD; heme oxygenase-1, HO-1; GSH and thioredoxin, or other mechanisms: Heat shock protein (HSP)/heat shock factor (HSP), sirtuins, etc.) to maximise internal AO protection and redox balance maintenance. Therefore, the development of vitagene-regulating nutritional supplements is on the agenda of many commercial companies worldwide.

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“…Inadequate temperature [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Inadequate ventilation and increased dust [1,18,19,40,41] Inadequate lightning [1,18,19,42,43]…”

Section: Technological Stressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Defence Systems and Oxidative Stress in Poultry Biology: An Update

et al. 2019

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“…On the basis of our results, it was concluded that the current rat model provides a molecular basis for future research in HS resistance in humans and livestock.Genes 2020, 11, 306 2 of 23 (e.g., crossbreeding), have not achieved long-lasting, cumulative and significant effects [9]. Thus, further molecular mechanisms and physiological consequences of HS using an animal model are highly recommended.Previous studies have shown HS-induced physiological and biochemical variations in many animals, such as rats [10,11], cows [12], and chickens [13]. The HS causes an imbalance of glucocorticoids, the adrenocorticotropic hormone, the growth hormone, and the norepinephrine hormone, resulting in detrimental metabolic changes [10,14,15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown HS-induced physiological and biochemical variations in many animals, such as rats [10,11], cows [12], and chickens [13]. The HS causes an imbalance of glucocorticoids, the adrenocorticotropic hormone, the growth hormone, and the norepinephrine hormone, resulting in detrimental metabolic changes [10,14,15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Stress Impairs the Physiological Responses and Regulates Genes Coding for Extracellular Exosomal Proteins in Rat

Dou

Khan

et al. 2020

Genes

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Heat stress (HS) is challenging in humans and animals as it is a complicated regulatory mechanism. This prompted us to characterize the physiological and molecular responses of a HS-animal model. In this study, a rat model system was developed by using three temperature treatments (40°C, 42°C, and 43°C) and sixteen biochemical indicators in blood at 42°C for 30 min (H30), 60 min (H60), and 120 min (H120). In addition, transcriptomic profiling was carried out in H120-rats' blood, liver, and adrenal gland samples for detection of the genes of interest. Our findings demonstrated that the adrenocorticotropic hormone, catalase, prolactin, growth hormone, and lactic acid have significant spatiotemporal variation in the H120-rats as compared with the control. Furthermore, through transcriptomic screening, we documented a high ratio of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in adrenal glands, liver, and blood, respectively. Among them, Nup153, Plxnb2, Stx7, Hspa9, Chordc1, Pde4d, Gm2α, and Rnf125 were associated with the regulation of HS and immune response processes. Notably, 36 and 314 of DEGs in blood and adrenal glands were detected in the composition of the extracellular exosome, respectively. Furthermore, the correlation analysis between gene transcripts and biochemical indicator levels identified the Lgals3, S1006, Fn1, F2, and Kng1l1 as key candidate genes for HS encoding extracellular exosomal proteins. On the basis of our results, it was concluded that the current rat model provides a molecular basis for future research in HS resistance in humans and livestock.Genes 2020, 11, 306 2 of 23 (e.g., crossbreeding), have not achieved long-lasting, cumulative and significant effects [9]. Thus, further molecular mechanisms and physiological consequences of HS using an animal model are highly recommended.Previous studies have shown HS-induced physiological and biochemical variations in many animals, such as rats [10,11], cows [12], and chickens [13]. The HS causes an imbalance of glucocorticoids, the adrenocorticotropic hormone, the growth hormone, and the norepinephrine hormone, resulting in detrimental metabolic changes [10,14,15]. Furthermore, a set of proteins involved in the antioxidant stress response and inflammatory response, including catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and C-reactive protein were affected by HS [16][17][18][19]. Recently, microarray and next-generation sequencing studies have displayed widespread changes in gene expression in response to HS, the exploration of useful indicators to predict and prevent HS in animals has yet to be defined.In the context of the critical effects of HS on human and animal health, the current study was designed to explore the physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic responses to HS in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The current research targets the key biomarkers that are sensitive to HS. In addition, the altered expression of genes related to HS response was detected by performing transcriptomic screening in blood, liver, and adrenal gland tissues post HS. Collectively...

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“…The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the impact of dietary DHQ and vitamin E, alone and in combination, when fed to broiler chickens reared at high and standard ambient temperatures. Studying the impact of ambient temperatures is important as large variations in the temperature of poultry houses during summer months globally are increasing due to climate change (Nawab et al, 2018). There was no mortality during the entire study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding dihydroquercetin and vitamin E to broiler chickens reared at standard and high ambient temperatures

Pirgozliev

Westbrook

Woods

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The use of natural antioxidants, in particular polyphenols such as dihydroquercetin (DHQ), in animal nutrition have recently increased in popularity. This may partly be due to the risk of increased incidences of heat stress associated with raising livestock in warmer ambient temperatures, facilitated by global warming, reducing antioxidant capacity. The current research demonstrates the effect of dietary DHQ, vitamin E and standard or high ambient temperatures on growth performance, energy and nutrient metabolism, gastrointestinal tract development (GIT), jejunal villus morphometry and antioxidant status in broiler chickens.Each of the four experimental diets were fed to 16 pens of five birds, which were allocated to four rooms (four pens in each room). The temperature in two rooms was maintained at a constant 35 °C (high temperature; HT), and the temperature in the other two rooms was gradually reduced from 27 °C at 7d of age to 22 °C at 20d of age (standard temperature; ST).Rearing birds at HT reduced: feed intake, weight gain, weight of small intestine, total GIT, liver, spleen, heart, villus height, villus surface area and lowered blood glutationperoxidase (GSH-Px). Dietary DHQ increased blood GSH-Px and total antioxidant status, increased heart weight and reduced caecal size. When fed separately, DHQ and vitamin E improved hepatic vitamin E concentration. Feeding vitamin E increased spleen and liver weights. When fed together, DHQ and vitamin E reduced villus height, villus height to crypt depth ratio and villus surface area. Temperature and antioxidants did not affect energy and nutrient metabolism. There were no effects of dietary antioxidants on growth performance of broiler chickens and there were no mortalities. At present it is unclear if feeding antioxidants (in particular DHQ) at different levels, using different dietary formulations, and rearing birds under a range of environmental conditions may be effective at enhancing production performance and bird health in hot ambient climates.

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Heat stress in poultry production: Mitigation strategies to overcome the future challenges facing the global poultry industry

Cited by 262 publications

References 99 publications

Antioxidant Defence Systems and Oxidative Stress in Poultry Biology: An Update

Antioxidant Defence Systems and Oxidative Stress in Poultry Biology: An Update

Heat Stress Impairs the Physiological Responses and Regulates Genes Coding for Extracellular Exosomal Proteins in Rat

Feeding dihydroquercetin and vitamin E to broiler chickens reared at standard and high ambient temperatures

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