Heat shock protein of Mycoplasma salivarium and Mycoplasma orale strains isolated from HIV-seropositive patients.

Chattin-Kacouris, Blanca Rosa; Ishihara, Kazuyuki; Miura, Tadashi; Okuda, K; Ikeda, Masakazu; Ishikawa, Tatsuya; Rowland, Randal W.

doi:10.2209/tdcpublication.43.231

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Among patients with HIV/AIDS, co-infection with Mycoplasma spp. is associated with faster progression of a disease which is characterised by immune failure, 12 although the causative relationship remains controversial 21 22 and the Mycoplasma spp. implicated are those more commonly associated with the genitourinary tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-pathogenicityMycoplasmaspp. alter human monocyte and macrophage function and are highly prevalent among patients with ventilator-acquired pneumonia

Nolan

Gadsby

Hellyer

et al. 2016

Thorax

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BackgroundVentilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP) remains a significant problem within intensive care units (ICUs). There is a growing recognition of the impact of critical-illness-induced immunoparesis on the pathogenesis of VAP, but the mechanisms remain incompletely understood. We hypothesised that, because of limitations in their routine detection, Mycoplasmataceae are more prevalent among patients with VAP than previously recognised, and that these organisms potentially impair immune cell function.Methods and setting159 patients were recruited from 12 UK ICUs. All patients had suspected VAP and underwent bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). VAP was defined as growth of organisms at >104 colony forming units per ml of BAL fluid on conventional culture. Samples were tested for Mycoplasmataceae (Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma spp.) by PCR, and positive samples underwent sequencing for speciation. 36 healthy donors underwent BAL for comparison. Additionally, healthy donor monocytes and macrophages were exposed to Mycoplasma salivarium and their ability to respond to lipopolysaccharide and undertake phagocytosis was assessed.ResultsMycoplasmataceae were found in 49% (95% CI 33% to 65%) of patients with VAP, compared with 14% (95% CI 9% to 25%) of patients without VAP. Patients with sterile BAL fluid had a similar prevalence to healthy donor BAL fluid (10% (95% CI 4% to 20%) vs 8% (95% CI 2% to 22%)). The most common organism identified was M. salivarium. Blood monocytes from healthy volunteers incubated with M. salivarium displayed an impaired TNF-α response to lipopolysaccharide (p=0.0003), as did monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) (p=0.024). MDM exposed to M. salivarium demonstrated impaired phagocytosis (p=0.005).Discussion and conclusionsThis study demonstrates a high prevalence of Mycoplasmataceae among patients with VAP, with a markedly lower prevalence among patients with suspected VAP in whom subsequent cultures refuted the diagnosis. The most common organism found, M. salivarium, is able to alter the functions of key immune cells. Mycoplasmataceae may contribute to VAP pathogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-pathogenicityMycoplasmaspp. alter human monocyte and macrophage function and are highly prevalent among patients with ventilator-acquired pneumonia

Nolan

Gadsby

Hellyer

et al. 2016

Thorax

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“…We have previously reported that oral Mycoplasma species isolated from HIV‐seropositive patients did not produce superantigen (2). It is possible that some culture conditions or stages affect superantigen production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study showed that many oral bacterial species isolated from patients with Behcet's disease produce HSP70. We have previously reported that strains isolated from patients with chronic periodontitis with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris (PPP), and HIV‐seropositivity, produce HSPs (1, 2, 11). We have also examined the relationships between the onset of PPP, periodontitis and HSP levels of IgG against HSPs, including A. actinomycetemcomitans DnaJ, in sera (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of heat shock proteins but not superantigen by isolated oral bacteria from patients with Behcet's disease

Miura

Ishihara

Kato

et al. 2005

Oral Microbiology and Immunology

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We isolated bacteria from periodontal sites and mixed saliva in eight patients with Behcet's disease and surveyed them to determine whether they produced heat shock proteins (HSPs) and superantigen. Cultivable bacterial compositions from periodontal sites and saliva were examined by anaerobic culture using blood agar plates. Gram-negative anaerobic rods such as Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Capnocytophaga species were predominant in the isolates from the subgingival plaque samples. The Streptococcus mitis group was the most common type isolated from the saliva samples. To detect the production of HSPs, Western blot analyses were performed using a polyclonal rabbit antibody to Escherichia coli DnaK and a monoclonal antibody to Helicobacter pylori Gro-EL. Sonic extracts of 27 of the strains (79.4%) reacted with the antibody against E. coli DnaK. Nine of these 34 strains (26.5%) were found to produce HSPs that reacted with antibody to H. pylori Gro-EL. A total of 54 isolates were examined for superantigen activity against human peripheral leukocytes. Twenty-five gram-negative clinical strains isolated from chronic periodontitis lesions and 20 ATCC strains of microorganisms were also examined. We could not detect any superantigen activity in 500x diluted supernatant of the strains isolated from the eight patients with Behcet's disease. The present study indicates that the anaerobic strains isolated from the oral cavity of these patients produce HSPs, the production being related to Bechet's disease.

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“…Mycoplasma sp. is also found in the normal flora in oral cavity (Watanabe et al, 1986 ), and certain species such as M. salivarium were reported to cause serious infections in HIV-positive patients (Chattin-Kacouris et al, 2002 ). Actinomyces odontolyticus might cause pulmonary actinomycosis, septicemia, and pulmonary abscesses (Rajesh et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring salivary microbiota in AIDS patients with different periodontal statuses using 454 GS-FLX Titanium pyrosequencing

Zhang

Jin

et al. 2015

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are at high risk of opportunistic infections. Oral manifestations have been associated with the level of immunosuppression, these include periodontal diseases, and understanding the microbial populations in the oral cavity is crucial for clinical management. The aim of this study was to examine the salivary bacterial diversity in patients newly admitted to the AIDS ward of the Public Health Clinical Center (China). Saliva samples were collected from 15 patients with AIDS who were randomly recruited between December 2013 and March 2014. Extracted DNA was used as template to amplify bacterial 16S rRNA. Sequencing of the amplicon library was performed using a 454 GS-FLX Titanium sequencing platform. Reads were optimized and clustered into operational taxonomic units for further analysis. A total of 10 bacterial phyla (106 genera) were detected. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were preponderant in the salivary microbiota in AIDS patients. The pathogen, Capnocytophaga sp., and others not considered pathogenic such as Neisseria elongata, Streptococcus mitis, and Mycoplasma salivarium but which may be opportunistic infective agents were detected. Dialister pneumosintes, Eubacterium infirmum, Rothia mucilaginosa, and Treponema parvum were preponderant in AIDS patients with periodontitis. Patients with necrotic periodontitis had a distinct salivary bacterial profile from those with chronic periodontitis. This is the first study using advanced sequencing techniques focused on hospitalized AIDS patients showing the diversity of their salivary microbiota.

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Heat shock protein of Mycoplasma salivarium and Mycoplasma orale strains isolated from HIV-seropositive patients.

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Low-pathogenicityMycoplasmaspp. alter human monocyte and macrophage function and are highly prevalent among patients with ventilator-acquired pneumonia

Low-pathogenicityMycoplasmaspp. alter human monocyte and macrophage function and are highly prevalent among patients with ventilator-acquired pneumonia

Detection of heat shock proteins but not superantigen by isolated oral bacteria from patients with Behcet's disease

Exploring salivary microbiota in AIDS patients with different periodontal statuses using 454 GS-FLX Titanium pyrosequencing

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