Heat shock protein 70 of Naegleria fowleri is important factor for proliferation and in vitro cytotoxicity

Song, Kyoung-Ju; Song, Kyung-Hui; Kim, Jong-Hyun; Sohn, Hae-Jin; Lee, Yang-Jin; Park, Chang-Eun; Shin, Ho‐Joon

doi:10.1007/s00436-008-0972-x

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the present study, actin 1 and actin 2 were found to be up-regulated in highly pathogenic trophozoites in 2D gels (Figure 3, Table 3), confirming the potential role of actin in the pathogenic mechanisms of N. fowleri. Another protein showing specific localization around phagocytic food cups that plays a role in cytotoxicity as well as in proliferation of N. fowleri is heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) [44]. The potential involvement of hsp70 in the pathogenic mechanisms of the amoeba was confirmed by our analysis detecting the up-regulation of this protein in highly pathogenic trophozoites (Figure 3, Tables 3 and 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Genome-wide identification of pathogenicity factors of the free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri is the causative agent of the rapidly progressing and typically fatal primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) in humans. Despite the devastating nature of this disease, which results in > 97% mortality, knowledge of the pathogenic mechanisms of the amoeba is incomplete. This work presents a comparative proteomic approach based on an experimental model in which the pathogenic potential of N. fowleri trophozoites is influenced by the compositions of different media.ResultsAs a scaffold for proteomic analysis, we sequenced the genome and transcriptome of N. fowleri. Since the sequence similarity of the recently published genome of Naegleria gruberi was far lower than the close taxonomic relationship of these species would suggest, a de novo sequencing approach was chosen. After excluding cell regulatory mechanisms originating from different media compositions, we identified 22 proteins with a potential role in the pathogenesis of PAM. Functional annotation of these proteins revealed, that the membrane is the major location where the amoeba exerts its pathogenic potential, possibly involving actin-dependent processes such as intracellular trafficking via vesicles.ConclusionThis study describes for the first time the 30 Mb-genome and the transcriptome sequence of N. fowleri and provides the basis for the further definition of effective intervention strategies against the rare but highly fatal form of amoebic meningoencephalitis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-496) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Genome-wide identification of pathogenicity factors of the free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri

et al. 2014

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“…Another important molecule described is Nf-cHSP70: the biological roles of this protein are not clear, but it is thought that it may protect amoebae from environmental damage, particularly that caused by high temperatures. Likewise, Nf-cHSP70 has been associated with the pathogenicity and proliferation of N. fowleri (Song et al, , 2008. Additionally, N. fowleri utilizes mechanisms to evade the immune response, such as capping formation, and this strategy is sufficient for evading immunoglobulins (IgA and IgG) (Shibayama et al, 2003).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Pathogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Naegleria fowleri after 50 years: is it a neglected pathogen?

Martínez-Castillo

Cardenas-Zuniga

Coronado-Velázquez

et al. 2016

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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It has been 50 years since the first case of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), an acute and rapidly fatal disease of the central nervous system (CNS), was reported in Australia. It is now known that the aetiological agent of PAM is Naegleria fowleri, an amoeba that is commonly known as 'the brain-eating amoeba'. N. fowleri infects humans of different ages who are in contact with water contaminated with this micro-organism. N. fowleri is distributed worldwide and is found growing in bodies of freshwater in tropical and subtropical environments. The number of PAM cases has recently increased, and the rate of recovery from PAM has been estimated at only 5 %. Amphotericin B has been used to treat patients with PAM. However, it is important to note that there is no specific treatment for PAM. Moreover, this amoeba is considered a neglected microorganism. Researchers have exerted great effort to design effective drugs to treat PAM and to understand the pathogenesis of PAM over the past 50 years, such as its pathology, molecular and cellular biology, diagnosis and prevention, and its biological implications, including its pathogenic genotypes, its distribution and its ecology. Given the rapid progression of PAM and its high mortality rate, it is important that investigations continue and that researchers collaborate to gain better understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease and, consequently, to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this devastating infection of the CNS.

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“…In vitro cytotoxicity of N. fowleri ESPs on CHO cells CHO cells are useful in observing in vitro cytotoxicity of amoeba (Song et al 2008). CHO cells were cultured as monolayer using 24-well culture flask (Nunc A/S, Roskilde, Denmark) in Earle's minimal essential medium (EMEM; Gibco BRL, Gaithersburg, MD, USA) at 37°C.…”

Section: Production Of Anti-esps and Infection Seramentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunodominant antigens in Naegleria fowleri excretory–secretory proteins were potential pathogenic factors

et al. 2009

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Naegleria fowleri, a ubiquitous pathogenic freeliving amoeba, is the most virulent species and causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis in laboratory animals and humans. The parasite secretes various inducing molecules as biological responses, which are thought to be involved in pathophysiological and immunological events during infection. To investigate what molecules of N. fowleri excretory-secretory proteins (ESPs) are related with amoebic pathogenicity, N. fowleri ESPs fractionated by two-dimensional electrophoresis were reacted with N. fowleri infection or immune sera. To identify immunodominant ESPs, six major protein spots were selected and analyzed by N-terminal sequencing. Finally, six proteins, 58, 40, 24, 21, 18, and 16 kDa of molecular weight, were partially cloned and matched with reference proteins as follow: 58 kDa of exendin-3 precursor, 40 kDa of secretory lipase, 24 kDa of cathepsin B-like proteases and cysteine protease, 21 kDa of cathepsin B, 18 kDa of peroxiredoxin, and 16 kDa of thrombin receptor, respectively. These results suggest that N. fowleri ESPs contained important proteins, which may play an important role in the pathogenicity of N. fowleri.

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Heat shock protein 70 of Naegleria fowleri is important factor for proliferation and in vitro cytotoxicity

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Genome-wide identification of pathogenicity factors of the free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri

Genome-wide identification of pathogenicity factors of the free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri

Naegleria fowleri after 50 years: is it a neglected pathogen?

Immunodominant antigens in Naegleria fowleri excretory–secretory proteins were potential pathogenic factors

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