Heat shock protein 70 mRNA expression and immune response of heat-stressed finishing broilers fed propolis (bee glue) supplementation

Abstract

Abstract. This 2 × 2 factorial experiment investigated the efficacy of propolis (bee glue; BG) in ameliorating heat-stress-induced impairment of growth performance, the hematological profile, intestinal morphology, and biomarkers of heat stress in broilers. Two hundred and forty 21-day old Ross 308 male broiler chicks were allocated to four experimental treatments in six replicates of 10 birds each. The main factors were composed of diet (basal diet or addition of 3 g kg −1 of BG) and temperature (thermoneutral or heat stress). Broilers subjected to heat stress had reduced average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI); a higher heterophil level and heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and a lower lymphocyte level; upregulated mRNA expression of 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) levels in heart, kidney, and breast muscle; and shorter jejunal villus height, deeper crypt depth, and a lower ratio of villus-height-to-crypt-depth compared with those broilers raised in thermoneutral conditions. Supplemental BG increased ADG, jejunal villus height, and the villus-height-to-crypt-depth ratio and decreased the feed-to-gain ratio and creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels in breast muscle compared with the birds who received control diets. The inclusion of BG in diets significantly decreased the mRNA expression of HSP70 levels in heart, kidney, and breast muscle in birds subjected to heat challenge. These results indicate that the BG-supplemented diet was effective in partially ameliorating adverse effects in resistance to heat stress in broiler chickens.

Effect of dietary nutmeg oil on heat‐stress tolerance‐related parameters in Korean native chicken reared under hot temperature

“…Heat stress was previously shown to increase the H:L ratio in broilers (Altan et al, ; Hosseini et al, ). In the present study, H:L ratio of NO250 group was numerically ( p > 0.05) lowered, thereby showed a possible mediation of NO on decreasing H:L ratio.…”

“…Poultry production is adversely affected by heat stress because temperatures exceeding 30°C tend to decrease the production performance and increases the mortality rate (Quinteiro‐Filho et al, ). Heat conditions caused changes in serum biochemistry (Attia, Al‐Harthi, El‐Shafey, Rehab, & Kim, ), heterophil:lymphocyte (H:L) ratio (Hosseini, Afshar, Ahani, & Vakili Azghandi, ) and levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS; Tan, Yang, Fu, Feng, & Zhang, ). ROS are known to disturb the balance between the oxidant and antioxidant defence systems, leading to oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation (Yang, Tan, Fu, Feng, & Zhang, ).…”

Evaluation of yeast culture and direct-fed microbial on gut histology and serum components of broilers challenged with suboptimal diets under heat stress

“…Heat stress is a major concern for poultry producers which has adverse impacts on various physiological aspects such as gastrointestinal tract (Akbarian et al, 2013). It has been well documented that exposing broiler chickens to continuously high ambient temperatures during the finisher phase leads to chronic heat stress, and could exert profound effects on health and performance of birds (Han et al, 2010;Hosseini, Afshar, Ahani, & Vakili Azghandi, 2015;Melesse, Maak, Schmidt, & Von Lengerken, 2011;Prieto & Campo, 2010;Quinteiro-Filho et al, 2010). The metabolic changes induced in chickens by high temperature decreases serum protein concentrations.…”

Effects of propolis and stocking density on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and immune system of heat-stressed broilers

“…We have shown that dietary supplementation of BG is effective on growth performance and immune status of broiler chickens subjected to heat stress and HSD (Chegini et al 2018), which can be attributed to positive effects of BG on reduction in the deleterious effects of oxidative stress (Seven et al 2012). Therefore, the use of BG in broiler diets was recommended as a way to alleviate the detrimental effects of HS (Hosseini et al 2015) and overcrowding (Chegini et al 2018) in broilers.…”