Heat-resistant fungi in the soil

Jesenská, Zdenka; Piecková, Elena; Bernát, D.

doi:10.1016/0168-1605(92)90081-d

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Yet species with polypaecilum-like morphs are placed in both subgenera. Aspergillus cejpii has heat resistant ascospores in common with species in section Fumigati with neosartorya-like morphs (Jesenska et al., 1992, Jesenska et al., 1993), while A. pisci has salt tolerance in common with most species in subgenus Aspergillus . Thus one can predict that if a fungus in subgenus Fumigati produces ascospores, those ascospores are heat-resistant, while if a new species is found to belong to subgenus Aspergillus , one can predict that it can grow under conditions with very low water activity, despite the differences in micro-morphology.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspergillus is monophyletic: Evidence from multiple gene phylogenies and extrolites profiles

Kocsubé¹,

Perrone²,

Magistà³

et al. 2016

Studies in Mycology

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Aspergillus is one of the economically most important fungal genera. Recently, the ICN adopted the single name nomenclature which has forced mycologists to choose one name for fungi (e.g. Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, etc.). Previously two proposals for the single name nomenclature in Aspergillus were presented: one attributes the name “Aspergillus” to clades comprising seven different teleomorphic names, by supporting the monophyly of this genus; the other proposes that Aspergillus is a non-monophyletic genus, by preserving the Aspergillus name only to species belonging to subgenus Circumdati and maintaining the sexual names in the other clades. The aim of our study was to test the monophyly of Aspergilli by two independent phylogenetic analyses using a multilocus phylogenetic approach. One test was run on the publicly available coding regions of six genes (RPB1, RPB2, Tsr1, Cct8, BenA, CaM), using 96 species of Penicillium, Aspergillus and related taxa. Bayesian (MrBayes) and Ultrafast Maximum Likelihood (IQ-Tree) and Rapid Maximum Likelihood (RaxML) analyses gave the same conclusion highly supporting the monophyly of Aspergillus. The other analyses were also performed by using publicly available data of the coding sequences of nine loci (18S rRNA, 5,8S rRNA, 28S rRNA (D1-D2), RPB1, RPB2, CaM, BenA, Tsr1, Cct8) of 204 different species. Both Bayesian (MrBayes) and Maximum Likelihood (RAxML) trees obtained by this second round of independent analyses strongly supported the monophyly of the genus Aspergillus. The stability test also confirmed the robustness of the results obtained. In conclusion, statistical analyses have rejected the hypothesis that the Aspergilli are non-monophyletic, and provided robust arguments that the genus is monophyletic and clearly separated from the monophyletic genus Penicillium. There is no phylogenetic evidence to split Aspergillus into several genera and the name Aspergillus can be used for all the species belonging to Aspergillus i.e. the clade comprising the subgenera Aspergillus, Circumdati, Fumigati, Nidulantes, section Cremei and certain species which were formerly part of the genera Phialosimplex and Polypaecilum. Section Cremei and the clade containing Polypaecilum and Phialosimplex are proposed as new subgenera of Aspergillus. The phylogenetic analysis also clearly shows that Aspergillus clavatoflavus and A. zonatus do not belong to the genus Aspergillus. Aspergillus clavatoflavus is therefore transferred to a new genus Aspergillago as Aspergillago clavatoflavus and A. zonatus was transferred to Penicilliopsis as P. zonata. The subgenera of Aspergillus share similar extrolite profiles indicating that the genus is one large genus from a chemotaxonomical point of view. Morphological and ecophysiological characteristics of the species also strongly indicate that Aspergillus is a polythetic class in phenotypic characters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspergillus is monophyletic: Evidence from multiple gene phylogenies and extrolites profiles

Kocsubé¹,

Perrone²,

Magistà³

et al. 2016

Studies in Mycology

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“…This fungus, described by A.C. Stolk as the conidial state of T. emersonii [10], has been to date isolated exclusively from soil, air, plants or compost [11,12]. P. emersonii is strongly thermophilic and belongs to the group of heat‐resistant fungi isolated from soil [13]. It does not grow at 25 °C and its optimal development occurs at 40–45 °C [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic airway colonization by Penicillium emersonii in a patient with cystic fibrosis

et al. 2008

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“…Soil represents the main reservoir of these micro-organisms and fruits having more contact with soil or dust are more susceptible to contamination by heat-resistant moulds. Although low counts of these micro-organisms have been reported in the soil (10 1 -10 2 CFU per 10 g; Jesenská et al 1992), they are not higher than 10 1 CFU per 100 g in the fruits before processing of the juice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…soil or dust during transport from orchard to storage (Jesenská et al 1992; fruit washing and selection stages at the factory (Ito et al 1972) and filtration of the juice through diatomaceous earth (King et al 1969). Nevertheless, the occurrence of deterioration episodes (Olliver and Rendle 1934;Obeta and Ugwuanyi 1995;Rajashekhara et al 1996;Suresh et al 1996;Kotzekidou 1997;Baglioni et al 1999) indicates that the stage to which microbiological stability and safety of the fruit juices (pasteurization) is attributed, may not, on its own, be efficient in reducing ⁄ eliminating even low loads of these contaminants.…”

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confidence: 99%

Heat resistance and the effects of continuous pasteurization on the inactivation ofByssochlamys fulvaascospores in clarified apple juice

Sant’Ana

Rosenthal

Massaguer

2009

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims: To determine thermal resistance, the effect of pasteurization temperature variations (c. 2°C) in a continuous system in the number of decimal reductions (n) of a Byssochlamys strain in clarified apple juice (CAJ). Methods and Results: Thermal destruction kinetics of Byssochlamys fulva IOC 4518 in thermal death tubes were determined at 85°, 90°, 92° and 95°C by using Weibull distribution frequency model. Three processes with different heating and holding temperatures (A: 94°, 92°C; B: 95°, 93°C; C: 96°, 94°C, respectively) were performed in a continuous system. Process time was 30 s. δ (time of first decimal reduction) values were: 42·98, 8·10, 3·62 and 1·81 min. Variable n ranged from 0·16 to >4·78 for process B (equivalent to industrial). Variable n (0·95–2·66 log CFU ml−1) were obtained in CAJ bottles processed under condition B, while process A resulted in total heat‐resistant mould (HRM) survival and process C in total HRM destruction. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that small variations in temperature during the CAJ pasteurization could result in elimination or survival of HRM due to its nonlogarithmic behaviour. Significance and Impact of the Study: This was the first study to use Weibull frequency method to model inactivation of HRM in fruit juices. Temperature variations could culminate in the presence of HRM in pasteurized juices even when low counts (<10 spores per 100 ml) were present in the raw materials.

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Heat-resistant fungi in the soil

Cited by 25 publications

References 12 publications

Aspergillus is monophyletic: Evidence from multiple gene phylogenies and extrolites profiles

Aspergillus is monophyletic: Evidence from multiple gene phylogenies and extrolites profiles

Chronic airway colonization by Penicillium emersonii in a patient with cystic fibrosis

Heat resistance and the effects of continuous pasteurization on the inactivation ofByssochlamys fulvaascospores in clarified apple juice

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