Heat-related injuries resulting in hospitalisation in Australian sport

Driscoll, Timothy; Cripps, Raymond; Brotherhood, J. R.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2007.04.003

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…8 Although the over-representation of males does not seem to be common in previous studies, some of which have found more females than males affected by heat-related illness, two recent studies of sports and leisure-related heat illness and injury have found an excess of hospitalisations for males, suggesting participation in sports and leisure activities may have contributed to the gender difference found in the study. 8,15,16 Previous research suggests that there may be some underreporting of medications as an external cause. For example, in comparison to 2.4% in the present study, another study found a large proportion of heat-related admissions involved one or more medications, such as diuretics (46%) and major tranquillisers (13%), which are risk factors for heat-related illness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Admission to hospital for effects of heat and light: NSW, 1993-94 to 2003-04

Beggs¹,

Vaneckova²

2008

NSW Public Health Bull.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Admission to hospital for effects of heat and light: NSW, 1993-94 to 2003-04

Beggs¹,

Vaneckova²

2008

NSW Public Health Bull.

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“…Many facets of the impacts that climate change will have on humans have been widely discussed (McMichael et al 2006) but one facet that has remained unexplored is the effect on the human's ability to thermoregulate. In many parts of the globe, humans already are exposed to conditions hot enough to impact on economic work (Bureau of Labor Statistics 2006) and leisure activity (Driscoll et al 2008). An increase in the mean annual temperature will make heat balance more difficult to achieve and likely will increase the number of days that work and leisure are compromised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What effect will a few degrees of climate change have on human heat balance? Implications for human activity

Maloney

Forbes²

2010

Int J Biometeorol

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While many factors affecting human health that will alter with climate change are being discussed, there has been no discussion about how a warmer future will affect man's thermoregulation. Using historical climate data for an Australian city and projections for Australia's climate in 2070, we address the issue using heat balance modelling for humans engaged in various levels of activity from rest to manual labour. We first validate two heat balance models against empirical data and then use the models to predict the number of days at present and in 2070 that (1) sweating will be required to attain heat balance, (2) heat balance will not be possible and hyperthermia will develop, and (3) body temperature will increase by 2.5°C in less than 2 h, which we term "dangerous days". The modelling is applied to people in an unacclimatised and an acclimatised state. The modelling shows that, for unacclimatised people, outdoor activity will not be possible on 33-45 days per year, compared to 4-6 days per year at present. For acclimatised people the situation is less dire but leisure activity like golf will be not be possible on 5-14 days per year compared to 1 day in 5 years at present, and manual labour will be dangerous to perform on 15-26 days per year compared to 1 day per year at present. It is obvious that climate change will have important consequences for leisure, economic activity, and health in Australia.

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“…The American College of Sports Medicine (Armstrong et al., ) and Sports Medicine Australia (SMA, ) recommend altering exercise in the heat for older adults or veteran athletes. Indeed, hospitalization data show a higher rate of sporting‐induced heat‐related injuries in older adults (Driscoll et al., ). However, previous studies have produced equivocal results when investigating the question of whether ageing diminishes the ability to dissipate heat via evaporative sweating and skin blood flow during endurance exercise.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of ageing and fitness on thermoregulatory response to high‐intensity exercise

Best

Caillaud

Thompson

2011

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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There are conflicting reports as to whether ageing causes a decreased thermoregulatory response, or if observed differences in previous studies are related to maximal aerobic capacity or training status. This study hypothesized that thermoregulatory response to severe exercise-heat stress is maintained with ageing when both young and older subjects are well trained. Seven older highly trained (OHT = 51-63 years) cyclists were matched with two groups of young cyclists (19-35 years); one group matched for training status [young highly trained (YHT) participants, n = 7] and another for V ˙ O 2 max [young moderately trained (YMT), n = 7]. Each participant exercised at 70% V ˙ O 2 max in hot (35°C, 40% relative humidity) and thermoneutral (20°C, 40% relative humidity) conditions for 60 min. Final rectal temperature in the thermoneutral and heat (YHT = 39.13 ± 0.33°C, YMT = 39.11 ± 0.38°C, OHT = 39.11 ± 0.51°C) tests were similar between all three groups. %HR(max) (heat test: YHT = 92.5 ± 6.0%, YMT = 91.6 ± 4.4%, OHT = 88.6 ± 5.1%), skin temperature, and cutaneous vascular conductance during cycling in both environments were similar between groups. Lower sweat loss and evaporative heat loss in the heat test in the OHT and YMT groups when compared with the YHT group reflected lower metabolic heat production. The findings of the present study suggest that thermoregulatory response is maintained with age among highly trained subjects.

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Heat-related injuries resulting in hospitalisation in Australian sport

Cited by 23 publications

References 9 publications

Admission to hospital for effects of heat and light: NSW, 1993-94 to 2003-04

Admission to hospital for effects of heat and light: NSW, 1993-94 to 2003-04

What effect will a few degrees of climate change have on human heat balance? Implications for human activity

The effect of ageing and fitness on thermoregulatory response to high‐intensity exercise

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