Heat-related and cold-related deaths in England and Wales: who is at risk?

Hajat, Shakoor; Kovats, Sari; Lachowycz, Kate

doi:10.1136/oem.2006.029017

Cited by 534 publications

(445 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Previous studies reported that temperature-related mortalities are more pronounced in the elderly (Revich and Shaposhnikov 2008;Anderson and Bell 2009). However, the heterogeneity among different age groups is worth further examination (Hajat et al 2007;Baccini et al 2008;Ishigami et al 2008). In this study, we investigated both effects of heat and cold temperatures on different types of mortality (including non-accidental, cardiopulmonary, cardiovascular, and respiratory) and age-specific non-accidental mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of temperature on mortality in Hong Kong: a time series analysis

Chan

2014

Int J Biometeorol

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Although interest in assessing the impacts of hot temperature and mortality in Hong Kong has increased, less evidence on the effect of cold temperature on mortality is available. We examined both the effects of heat and cold temperatures on daily mortality in Hong Kong for the last decade (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011). A quasi-Poisson model combined with a distributed lag non-linear model was used to assess the non-linear and delayed effects of temperatures on cause-specific and age-specific mortality.Non-linear effects of temperature on mortality were identified. The relative risk of non-accidental mortality associated with cold temperature (11.1°C, 1 st percentile of temperature) relative to 19.4°C(25 th percentile of temperature) was 1.17 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04, 1.29) for lags 0-13. The relative risk of non-accidental mortality associated with high temperature (31.5°C, 99 th percentile of temperature) relative to 27.8°C (75 th percentile of temperature) was 1.09 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.17) for lags 0-3. In Hong Kong, extreme cold and hot temperatures increased the risk of mortality. The effect of cold lasted longer and greater than that of heat. People older than 75 years were the most vulnerable group to cold temperature, while people aged 65-74 were the most vulnerable group to hot temperature.Our findings may have implications for developing intervention strategies for extreme cold and hot temperatures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of temperature on mortality in Hong Kong: a time series analysis

Chan

2014

Int J Biometeorol

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“…There are spatial patterns to the distribution of vulnerability to high temperatures; for example, urban residents are more exposed (Hajat et al 2007) and within towns and cities it is often deprived areas that are most likely to be located within the center of urban heat islands (UHIs). Deprived inner-city communities are also less likely to have close access to cool spaces such as green parks, gardens, or woodlands.…”

Section: Vulnerability To High Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Justice and Adaptation in the UK

Benzie¹

2014

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Adaptation strategies and policies are normally based on climate impact assessments that fail to take account of the social nature and distribution of vulnerability to climate change. This is largely a product of the dominant assessment techniques that are used to inform such strategies and the limits of existing evidence. In this paper I contribute to filling gaps in the current adaptation literature by exploring the social nature of vulnerability and the potential for socially just adaptation. It does so by reviewing studies from the UK, in particular those under the Joseph Rowntree Foundation's Climate Change and Social Justice programme. It finds that vulnerability to high temperatures and fluvial and coastal flooding, in terms of sensitivity, exposure, and the capacity to anticipate, respond, and recover, is concentrated in certain disadvantaged and socially marginalized groups, including those on low incomes. It also finds that both autonomous and planned adaptation may fail to protect the most vulnerable individuals and groups, and may even reinforce existing patterns of vulnerability in some cases, i.e., mal-adaptation, especially where they rely on unmediated market forces or where they fail to explicitly recognize aspects of social vulnerability in their design and implementation. I argue that social justice should be an explicit objective of adaptation strategy.

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“…For instance, a study conducted in England and Wales found an association between cold temperature and mortality [10]. Also, in central Europe, it was observed an increased mortality with temperature at low average daily temperatures [11].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%