Heat pump system built into the room with the implementation of air exchange and microclimate

Abstract

The efficiency and performance of an air heat pump system built into a room, together with supply and exhaust ventilation, currently requires a high-quality microclimate and clean air in the room. The transition in mass housing construction to the sealed windows with double-glazed windows, along with the positive factors such as a decrease in heat loss and a decrease in noise in rooms, led to a deterioration in the air regime in a room with traditional natural ventilation systems. In the winter period of space heating, energy is spent, among other things, on heating the incoming cold air, and in quite significant quantities. At the same time, the required level of air exchange is necessary in both poorly and well-insulated buildings. From this it follows that the heat consumption for ventilation without the use of special innovative engineering and technical solutions will not decrease from this, and the more insulated the building is, the higher in relative terms the ventilation costs will be. As a method for assessing the microclimate comfort, the authors propose the calculations and comparison of individual parameters of the thermal and humidity air regime for the room in accordance with the SanPiN standards. The supply and exhaust ventilation system with a heat exchanger (recuperation) has a number of advantages, which include: saving heat energy spent on heating the ventilation air, depending on the type of heat exchanger system; the efficiency level of air-thermal comfort in the room, due to the aerodynamic stability of the heat pump heating system and balanced heat exchange of the supply and exhaust air; the ability to maintain a minimum relative humidity in the supply and exhaust ventilation system in the range from 40 to 60%, in which viruses are the least viable. The recovered warm air is not just thrown out of the building, but enters a specially equipped mixing chamber with intensively uniform mixing, which allows achieving the efficiency factor of the heat pump COP = 3.5 and the ability to operate such an air heat pump system in climatic zones with the temperatures up to -25 °C.