Heat loss responses at rest and during exercise in pregnancy: A scoping review.

Dervis, Sheila; Dobson, Kayla Lerher; Nagpal, Taniya S.; Geurts, Carla; Haman, François; Adamo, Kristi B.

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.103011

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…This heightened vulnerability may be attributed to specific thermoregulatory changes that occur during pregnancy in response to heat exposure. 52 This accordance to recent systematic review which postulated that pregnant women can posed multiple adverse health outcomes when they exposed to extreme heat; such as hypercoagubility, trigger of uterine contraction and increase of oxytocin level which then lead to the pre-term delivery, reduction of blood flow to uterine which will disturbed the growth of the foetus, and might lead to maternal fever. 53 Citizenship status Citizenship can influence and individual's vulnerability to heat exposure and indirectly impact their susceptibility to the effects of UHI.…”

Section: Gendersupporting

confidence: 68%

Identifying Vulnerable Population in Urban Heat Island: A Literature Review

Ramly,

Hod,

Hassan

et al. 2023

IJPHR

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IntroductionThe term "urban heat island" refers to a phenomenon that occurs when temperatures in urban areas are higher than those in the areas that surround them (suburban area). MethodsThe urban heat island phenomenon can result in increase of energy consumption, increase of air pollution, decrease of water quality, and increase of greenhouse gas emissions, all of which have the potential to negatively impact people in a variety of ways. ResultsIn this review we identified certain groups such as elderly, children, woman, pregnant woman, single person, and minority communities, who are living in dense area or in high rise building, low education level, low income, work in outdoor environment and had pre-existing illnesses may face health issues or insufficient resources to cope with the heat in urban area. There were more susceptible to heat-related illnesses and mortality, particularly during extreme heat events. ConclusionsRecognising these vulnerable populations is crucial to develop effective strategies to mitigate the effects of urban heat islands and protect them. This can aid policy makers and urban planners to implement targeted interventions to address these issues.

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Section: Gendersupporting

confidence: 68%

Identifying Vulnerable Population in Urban Heat Island: A Literature Review

Ramly,

Hod,

Hassan

et al. 2023

IJPHR

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“…Physiological changes of pregnancy include adaptations that affect thermoregulation (Bonell et al 2020 ; Dervis et al 2021 ). Numerous protective adaptive measures exist including a reduction in core temperature, lower sweating threshold, an increase in plasma volume and skin blood flow and an increase in thermal heat capacity due to a rising body mass.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological mechanisms of the impact of heat during pregnancy and the clinical implications: review of the evidence from an expert group meeting

et al. 2022

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Many populations experience high seasonal temperatures. Pregnant women are considered vulnerable to extreme heat because ambient heat exposure has been linked to pregnancy complications including preterm birth and low birthweight. The physiological mechanisms that underpin these associations are poorly understood. We reviewed the existing research evidence to clarify the mechanisms that lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes in order to inform public health actions. A multi-disciplinary expert group met to review the existing evidence base and formulate a consensus regarding the physiological mechanisms that mediate the effect of high ambient temperature on pregnancy. A literature search was conducted in advance of the meeting to identify existing hypotheses and develop a series of questions and themes for discussion. Numerous hypotheses have been generated based on animal models and limited observational studies. There is growing evidence that pregnant women are able to appropriately thermoregulate; however, when exposed to extreme heat, there are a number of processes that may occur which could harm the mother or fetus including a reduction in placental blood flow, dehydration, and an inflammatory response that may trigger preterm birth. There is a lack of substantial evidence regarding the processes that cause heat exposure to harm pregnant women. Research is urgently needed to identify what causes the adverse outcomes in pregnancy related to high ambient temperatures so that the impact of climate change on pregnant women can be mitigated.

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“…39 There remains equipoise as to whether these physiological changes impair thermoregulation, but recent studies have demonstrated that, in humans, maintaining thermal homeostasis is no more challenging in pregnancy than when not pregnant. [39][40][41] However, as discussed below there are F I G U R E 1 Representation of the physiological alterations in pregnancy that influence thermoregulation. Specific heat capacity refers to the amount of heat required to increase the temperature of 1 unit of mass by 1° Kelvin-therefore a higher specific heat capacity means more heat is needed to increase the temperature of a given mass.…”

Section: H E At Str a I N I N Pr Egna Nc Y A N D Th E R Isk Of Sti L ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There remains equipoise as to whether these physiological changes impair thermoregulation, but recent studies have demonstrated that, in humans, maintaining thermal homeostasis is no more challenging in pregnancy than when not pregnant 39–41 . However, as discussed below there are several potential pathways implicated in the association between heat exposure and stillbirth, with maternal heat strain only being one of them.…”

Section: Heat Strain In Pregnancy and The Risk Of Stillbirthmentioning

confidence: 99%

An expert review of environmental heat exposure and stillbirth in the face of climate change: Clinical implications and priority issues

Bonell

Part

Okomo

et al. 2023

BJOG

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Exposure to extreme heat in pregnancy increases the risk of stillbirth. Progress in reducing stillbirth rates has stalled, and populations are increasingly exposed to high temperatures and climate events that may further undermine health strategies. This narrative review summarises the current clinical and epidemiological evidence of the impact of maternal heat exposure on stillbirth risk. Out of 20 studies, 19 found an association between heat and stillbirth risk. Recent studies based in low‐ to middle‐income countries and tropical settings add to the existing literature to demonstrate that all populations are at risk. Additionally, both short‐term heat exposure and whole‐pregnancy heat exposure increase the risk of stillbirth. A definitive threshold of effect has not been identified, as most studies define exposure as above the 90th centile of the usual temperature for that population. Therefore, the association between heat and stillbirth has been found with exposures from as low as >12.64°C up to >46.4°C. The pathophysiological pathways by which maternal heat exposure may lead to stillbirth, based on human and animal studies, include both placental and embryonic or fetal impacts. Although evidence gaps remain and further research is needed to characterise these mechanistic pathways in more detail, preliminary evidence suggests epigenetic changes, alteration in imprinted genes, congenital abnormalities, reduction in placental blood flow, size and function all play a part. Finally, we explore this topic from a public health perspective; we discuss and evaluate the current public health guidance on minimising the risk of extreme heat in the community. There is limited pregnancy‐specific guidance within heatwave planning, and no evidence‐based interventions have been established to prevent poor pregnancy outcomes. We highlight priority research questions to move forward in the field and specifically note the urgent need for evidence‐based interventions that are sustainable.

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Heat loss responses at rest and during exercise in pregnancy: A scoping review.

Cited by 15 publications

References 94 publications

Identifying Vulnerable Population in Urban Heat Island: A Literature Review

Identifying Vulnerable Population in Urban Heat Island: A Literature Review

Physiological mechanisms of the impact of heat during pregnancy and the clinical implications: review of the evidence from an expert group meeting

An expert review of environmental heat exposure and stillbirth in the face of climate change: Clinical implications and priority issues

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