Heat Input and Temperature Distribution in Friction Stir Welding

Tang, Wenming; Guo, Xin; McClure, Joshua P.; Murr, L. E.; Nunes, A. C.

doi:10.1106/55tf-pf2g-jbh2-1q2b

Cited by 269 publications

(149 citation statements)

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“…At the measurement from the specimen welded in 400 rpm and 240 mm/min, the temperatures at #1 and #4 increased to over 205 and the maximum temperature at #7 was 175 . It is notable that even though Tang [6] did not observe any temperature variation between the advancing and retreating side, recent study by Commin [5,7] showed clear difference of temperature distribution between the advancing and retreating side, which supports the results of this study. presented here since the radiographic inspection detects relatively large amount of voids and therefore invalidated.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Effects of Friction Stir Welding Speed on AA2195 alloy

Lee

Min

2016

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The application of friction stir welding (FSW) to aerospace has grown rapidly due to the high efficiency and environmental friendly nature of the process. FSW is achieved by plastic flow of frictionally heated material in solid state and offers many advantages of avoiding hot cracking and limiting component distortion. Recently low density, high modulus and high strength AA2195 are used as substitute for conventional aluminum alloys since the weight saving is critical in aerospace applications. One of the problems for this alloy is weld metal porosity formation leading to hot cracking. Combination of FSW and AA2195 provides synergy effect to improve mechanical properties and weight saving of aerospace structure such as cryogenic fuel tanks for launch systems. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of friction stir welding speed on mechanical and microstructural properties of AA2195. The friction stir welded materials were joined with four different tool rotation speeds (350~800 rpm) and five welding speeds (120~360 mm/min), which are the two prime welding parameters in this process.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Effects of Friction Stir Welding Speed on AA2195 alloy

Lee

Min

2016

MATEC Web of Conferences

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“…The heat input from the pin was assumed to be uniform with the pin depth and was assigned to be 12% of the total power, based on previous experience [4,5,7,15,16] and calibration studies, with the remainder distributed under the shoulder. Heat loss was simulated using artificial surface convection coefficients [18] for each surface boundary condition to simulate conduction to the welding base-plate, retaining clamps, and to air.…”

Section: Original Fe Model and Heat Source Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much modelling work has been carried out on the FSW process (e.g. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]) and there have been a few models developed to predict the residual stresses generated. However there has been little, or no, modelling into the combined effects of welding stress development and mechanical tensioning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FE Modelling of Mechanical Tensioning for Controlling Residual Stresses in Friction Stir Welds

Richards¹,

Prangnell²,

Withers³

et al. 2007

Thermec 2006

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SYNOPSISAlthough Friction Stir Welding (FSW) avoids many of the problems encountered when fusion welding high strength Al-alloys, it can still result in substantial residual stresses that have a detrimental impact on service life and induce distortion. An FE model has been developed to investigate the effectives of the mechanical tensioning technique for controlling residual stresses in FSWs. The model purely considered the heat input and the mechanical effects of the tool were ignored. Variables, such as tensioning level, heat input, and plate geometry, have been studied. Good general agreement was found between modelling results and residual stress measurements, justifying the assumption that the stress development is dominated by the thermal field. The results showed a progressive decrease in the residual stresses for increasing tensioning levels and, although affected by the heat input, a relatively low sensitivity to the welding variables. At tensioning levels greater than ~ 50% of the room temperature yield stress, tensile stresses were replaced by compressive residual stresses within the weld. Subsequently the modelling has been used to examine how mechanical tensioning can be applied in practical applications.

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“…Knowledge of the thermal history will considerably help in controlling such characteristics as residual stresses and mechanical properties of metal around the HAZ. Allied welding processes such as friction stir welding had witnessed extensive research works in the examination of temperature distribution (Tang et al, 1998). Very limited works however exists on flash butt weld temperature simulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%