Heat Feedback to the Fuel Surface in Pool Fires

Hamins, Anthony P.; Fischer, S.; Kashiwagi, Takashi; Klassen, M.; Gore, J. P.

doi:10.1080/00102209408935367

Cited by 204 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The heat could be fed back to fuel surface by conductive, convective and radiative heat transfer processes. It is worth mentioning that the variation of radiative heat flux along the pool surface was essentially flat for the luminous fires, as proved by Hamins et al who used the experimental results of the 30 cm heptane and toluene pool fires [16]. In order to assess the relative contribution of the radiative heat feedback process for the fire whirl, an assumption is made that the radiative heat flux variation with the radial distance is constant in the range of r = 0 to D/2, which equals the radiative heat flux at r = D/2 calculated by Eq.…”

Section: Radiative Heat Feedbackmentioning

confidence: 67%

Experimental Research on Burning Rate, Vertical Velocity and Radiation of Medium-Scale Fire Whirls

Zhou¹,

Liu²,

Satoh³

2011

Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the 10th International Sym

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Fire whirls are often reported in forest and urban fires with devastating damage to life and property. This work conducted experiments using a medium-scale facility to study the initiation mechanism, the vertical velocity and radiative heat transfer of fire whirls. Heptane was used as the fuel in the experiments. The variations of burning rates versus time indicate that the drag force on the root of the flame plays an important role in the initiation and decay of a fire whirl. Analyses show that the pressure difference due to whirling, characterized by the circulation  , significantly affects the vertical centerline velocity. The variation of the vertical centerline velocity is correlated by , where m is nearly 1.1 for both fire whirls and general pool fires. It is also found that the radiative fraction of fire whirls is nearly 42 %, 1.4 times as large as that for general pool fires. The radiative heat feedback fraction is shown to increase with pool diameter, similarly as for general pool fires. KEYWORDS: fire whirl, radiation, centerline velocity, burning rate, pool fires. NOMENCLATURE LISTING

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Section: Radiative Heat Feedbackmentioning

confidence: 67%

Experimental Research on Burning Rate, Vertical Velocity and Radiation of Medium-Scale Fire Whirls

Zhou¹,

Liu²,

Satoh³

2011

Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the 10th International Sym

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“…This particle traveled a length of 1.5 cm in 1.28 seconds which is equal to traversing the final diameter of cavity (~16 cm) about 50 times in the 10 minutes burning period. This motion should not be mistaken with surface standing waves which are associated with the gas phase pulsation exerting perturbation on liquid surface [22]. To analyze the proportionality of the driving forces in the liquid fuel, Marangoni and Rayleigh numbers have been used as the relevant dimensionless groups for thermocapillary and natural convection, respectively [12].…”

Section: Discussion On Convective Flows In the Liquid Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due the higher input radiation from the flame in the center [21]. Based on the findings of Hamins et al [22], there should be a constant decrease of local heat feedback outward from the center and then a rise near the rims because of local heating of the fuel by the heat conducted through the rims to the body of the fuel. In a pool fire in ice the component of heat transfer of the flame through rims to the body of the fuel does not exist.…”

Section: Temperature Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of convective motion in n -octane pool fires in an ice cavity

Farahani

Jomaas

Rangwala

2015

Combustion and Flame

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“…The maximum in case with a closed staircase is about 4.0 g/s at 330 s, which is higher than that in an open staircase. The reason is that most of the flame of pool fire is within the fire room and the unburned heptane in the pan receives more heat feedback from flame, upper hot smoke and sidewalls, leading to bigger evaporation rate and combustion rate [25]. By comparing the maximum mass loss rates of 20 cm pool size in opened staircase, it can be found that the maximum mass loss rates have slight difference under the action of stack effect, which indicates that the mass loss rate of fuel is influenced slightly by the position of window opened in the staircase.…”

Section: Mass Loss Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Characteristics of Temperature Field of Fire Room under Stack Effect in a Scaled High-rise Building Model

Shi¹,

Ji²,

Sun³

et al. 2014

Fire Saf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT：A set of experiments were conducted in a scaled building model with 12 floors to study on the temperatures of fire room under stack effect in a high-rise building. The fuel mass loss rate, radiant flux, heat flux and temperatures in the atria and fire room at the first floor were experimentally investigated. The flames of pool fires in room are tilted towards the staircase under the air flow induced by the stack effect. The mass loss rate of fuel is influenced slightly by the position of window opened in the staircase, while the temperature distribution in the atria and fire room is different in the opened and closed staircases. The hot smoke temperatures in the atria and fire room at the first floor increase with an increasing pool size. The upper hot smoke temperatures in the atria are higher than those in the fire room in cases with an opened staircase. Compared different positions of the window opened in the staircase, it can be found that the upper hot smoke temperatures in the atria in cases with the 3 rd floor window opened are the highest due to the weaker stack effect. In the closed staircases, the upper hot smoke temperatures in the fire room are great higher than these in the atria at the first floor. Besides, the radiant flux and heat flux of the left sidewalls of staircase in an opened staircase are higher than those in a closed staircase, due to the tilted flame. The results obtained in this paper may be used for the safety design of the room in high-rise buildings.

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Heat Feedback to the Fuel Surface in Pool Fires

Cited by 204 publications

References 7 publications

Experimental Research on Burning Rate, Vertical Velocity and Radiation of Medium-Scale Fire Whirls

Experimental Research on Burning Rate, Vertical Velocity and Radiation of Medium-Scale Fire Whirls

Effects of convective motion in n -octane pool fires in an ice cavity

Experimental Study on the Characteristics of Temperature Field of Fire Room under Stack Effect in a Scaled High-rise Building Model

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