Heat-cured poly(methyl methacrylate) resin incorporated with different food preservatives as an anti-microbial denture base material

Abstract

Background/purpose The colonization of microorganisms onto denture bases is one common problem that can contribute to oral diseases. Herein, three food preservatives, including zinc oxide, potassium sorbate, and sodium metabisulfite were introduced as anti-microbial additives into a heat-polymerized poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Materials and methods Relative microbial reductions of the modified PMMA resins against Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Candida albicans were evaluated. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the materials was measured against mouse fibroblast L929 cells. A three-point flexural test was performed to determine a flexural strength and modulus properties of the materials. Results The incorporation of all preservative agents into the material diminished the microbial growth of three microbial species. The PMMA resin combined with sodium metabisulfite exhibited the greatest anti-microbial activity that reduced almost all bacterial cells and about 40% of C. albicans . All modified resins showed no significant cytotoxicity against L929 cells. The addition of food preservatives did not significantly alter the flexural strength of the PMMA resin (∼84–92 MPa). However, the flexural modulus of the PMMA incorporated with food preservatives (∼2,024–2,144 MPa) was significantly lower than the unmodified PMMA. Conclusion Three food preservatives, especially sodium metabisulfite, could be applied as anti-microbial additives into the denture base resin. The PMMA incorporated with the additives did not show cytotoxicity. Although, the addition of the food preservatives altered the mechanical properties, the materials still provided acceptable flexural properties.

Ultrafast Poly(sodium methacrylate)-Grafted UiO-66-Incorporated Nanocomposite Membranes Enable Excellent Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Concentration

“…Notably, although SPA chains have been grafted onto the UiO-66 particles, the particle size of UiO-66-SPA is only about one-third of that of UiO-66. This is mainly due to the excellent dispersity of UiO-66-SPA nanoparticles through the electrostatic repulsion between the negatively charged SPA chains, 39,52,53 which is similar to the results reported previously. 46 3.2.…”

Modification of Polymer Based Dentures on Biological Properties: Current Update, Status, and Findings

“…Disulfide bonds in protein structures can be broken by these substances, killing enzymes, and causing cellular damage. Therefore, it has been demonstrated that these effects of food preservatives on the denture base also have antibacterial capabilities on the denture base materials [ 39 ].…”

Color Stability of Zinc Oxide Poly(methyl methacrylate) Nanocomposite—A New Biomaterial for Denture Bases

“…Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) resins are clinically used in prosthodontics in full and partial denture production for decades [1][2][3][4]. Despite the fact that there are many advantages of these materials, such as ease of laboratory processing, polishability, appropriate physicochemical properties, and no smell or taste after polymerization, the issues of microporosity and thus water absorption and susceptibility to microbial growth are still challenges in considering this material as ideal for removable prosthetic devices [5][6][7][8]. The appropriate composition of PMMA intended for the fabrication of dentures allows for satisfactory aesthetic effects not only in terms of artificial dentition, but also the so-called pink aesthetics, i.e., the color of the denture plate imitating atrophied soft tissues in the oral cavity and designed to distribute the chewing forces over a larger surface of the toothless prosthetic foundation [9].…”

“…Statistically insignificant difference in post hoc Conover-Iman with comparison to ADW, 2 statistically insignificant difference in post hoc Conover-Iman with comparison to ACO,3 statistically insignificant difference in post hoc Conover-Iman with comparison to ARW,4 statistically insignificant difference in post hoc Conover-Iman with comparison to ABT,5 statistically insignificant difference in post hoc Conover-Iman with comparison to ACT, A-K the same letter means that the groups were homogenous in Conover-Iman post hoc comparison.…”