Heat and moisture transfer from skin to environment through fabrics: A mathematical model

Min, Kyunghoon; Son, Yangsoo; Kim, Chongyoup; 이, 예진; Hong, Kyung-Hi

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2007.06.016

Cited by 59 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…To the best of our knowledge, this research represents one of the few microclimate studies in clinical setting. As mentioned in the literature review, several studies have investigated microclimate in clinical setting , another studies have investigated skin temperature in laboratory setting and other studies have used mathematical models to explore skin temperature in correlation with development of pressure ulcers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microclimate and development of pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes

Yusuf

Okuwa

Shigeta

et al. 2013

International Wound Journal

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This study aims to evaluate the microclimate and development of pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes. A prospective cohort study was conducted in an acute care ward in Indonesia. Risk factors for pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes were identified based on the Bergstrom Braden conceptual model. Microclimate data were collected every 3 days for 15 days while the development of pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes was observed every day. Pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes were developed in 20 of the 71 participants. Total mean difference in skin temperature was higher for patients with pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes (0·9 ± 0·6°C) compared with controls (0·6 ± 0·8°C) (P = 0·071). Binary logistic regression predictor values for pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes were 0·111 for type of sheet and 0·347 for Braden Scale results. In conclusion, difference in skin temperature seems to be a predictor for pressure ulcer development and superficial skin changes, while synthetic fibre sheets are able to maintain a beneficial microclimate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…investigated skin temperature in laboratory setting (34)(35) and other studies have used mathematical models to explore skin temperature (7,36) in correlation with development of pressure ulcers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microclimate and development of pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes

Yusuf

Okuwa

Shigeta

et al. 2013

International Wound Journal

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“…These factors influence the way clothing and body interact, thus dictating the characteristics of the different microclimates existing inside clothing. Several works in the literature show that the features of these microclimates play a central role in the transport processes across clothing (Torvi et al 1999;Song 2007;Ding et al 2010;Kim et al 2002;Barker et al 2004;Min et al 2007;Psikuta et al 2012;Morrissey and Rossi 2013;Mayor et al 2014a). In these regions, heat is transported by radiation and conduction or natural convection, depending on the distance and temperature difference between their boundaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced modelling of the transport phenomena across horizontal clothing microclimates with natural convection

et al. 2015

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The ability of clothing to provide protection against external environments is critical for wearer's safety and thermal comfort. It is a function of several factors, such as external environmental conditions, clothing properties and activity level. These factors determine the characteristics of the different microclimates existing inside the clothing which, ultimately, have a key role in the transport processes occurring across clothing. As an effort to understand the effect of transport phenomena in clothing microclimates on the overall heat transport across clothing structures, a numerical approach was used to study the buoyancy-driven heat transfer across horizontal air layers trapped inside air impermeable clothing. The study included both the internal flow occurring inside the microclimate and the external flow occurring outside the clothing layer, in order to analyze the interdependency of these flows in the way heat is transported to/from the body. Two-dimensional simulations were conducted considering different values of microclimate thickness (8, 25 and 52 mm), external air temperature (10, 20 and 30 °C), external air velocity (0.5, 1 and 3 m s(-1)) and emissivity of the clothing inner surface (0.05 and 0.95), which implied Rayleigh numbers in the microclimate spanning 4 orders of magnitude (9 × 10(2)-3 × 10(5)). The convective heat transfer coefficients obtained along the clothing were found to strongly depend on the transport phenomena in the microclimate, in particular when natural convection is the most important transport mechanism. In such scenario, convective coefficients were found to vary in wavy-like manner, depending on the position of the flow vortices in the microclimate. These observations clearly differ from data in the literature for the case of air flow over flat-heated surfaces with constant temperature (which shows monotonic variations of the convective heat transfer coefficients, along the length of the surface). The flow patterns and temperature fields in the microclimates were found to strongly depend on the characteristics of the external boundary layer forming along the clothing and on the distribution of temperature in the clothing. The local heat transfer rates obtained in the microclimate are in marked contrast with those found in the literature for enclosures with constant-temperature active walls. These results stress the importance of coupling the calculation of the internal and the external flows and of the heat transfer convective and radiative components, when analyzing the way heat is transported to/from the body.

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“…Since the clothing materials ensure a maximum of comfort to human bodies, they should have a high moisture retention capacity and high moisture transportation properties, to maintain a constant temperature and humidity between skin and fabric [1][2][3]. Cotton, composed essentially on cellulose, is very hydrophilic textile fiber [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%