Heat and mass transfer through thermal protective clothing – A review

Udayraj,; Talukdar, Prabal; Das, Apurba; Alagirusamy, R.

doi:10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2016.03.006

Cited by 94 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…By the way, among the three sensible heat loss mechanisms, usually heat radiation is by far the most effective 1,10 . In severe cold weather, e.g., in the arctic area , as our body heat is still escaping via the direct heat loss -Q, a shield layer made by materials with high irraditivity such as metals is often adopted, preferably as a liner inside the cloth, to retain the body heat.…”

Section: The Culprits In the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cloth wearing is a behavior unique to human beings of virtually all societies, and it seems so natural that everyone is self-deemed knowledgeable and has some expert opinions about it. In fact, cloth has become such an indispensible part of our body and is often referred to as our "second skin" 1,2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This at least partly explains why comprehensive analysis of the clothing process dealing with those complications has rarely been done by researchers 1,10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Still it is not intended to be a comprehensive review of the topics, as there are, nonetheless, books 2,5 6 and a few published articles 1,[14][15][16] for that. In the discussions below, to maintain focus on the targeted issues, even though there may be various improved forms of the original theories, we only use the one sophisticated enough, not necessarily the most updated/accurate, to facilitate our analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Some Riddles in Clothing Thermal Behaviors

Pan¹

2018

Preprint

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Cloth wearing seems so natural that everyone is self-deemed knowledgeable and has some expert opinions about it. However to clearly explain the physics involved, and hence to make predictions for clothing design or selection, turns out as demonstrated below to be quite challenging even for experts. Cloth is a multiphased, porous and anisotropic material system and usually in multilayers. Unlike ordinary engineering heat transfer problems, the human body acts as an internal heat source in a clothing situation, thus forming a temperature gradient between body and ambient, and the sign of this gradient often changes as the ambient temperature varies. Our body also perspires and the sweat evaporates, an effective body cooling process via phase change. To bring all the variables into analysis quickly escalates into a formidable task. This work attempts to unravel the problem from a physics perspective, focusing on several rarely noticed yet critically important mechanisms involved so as to offer a clear and accurate depiction of the principles in clothing thermal comfort.

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Section: The Culprits In the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This at least partly explains why comprehensive analysis of the clothing process dealing with those complications has rarely been done by researchers 1,10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Some Riddles in Clothing Thermal Behaviors

Pan¹

2018

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Cloth wearing is a behavior unique to human beings of virtually all societies, and it seems so natural that everyone is self‐deemed knowledgeable and has some expert opinions about it. In fact, cloth has become such an indispensable part of human body and is often referred to as our “second skin.” (Note: In our discussions herein, the terms cloth and apparel are used synonymously, referring to the 3D structure formed by 2D fabrics, whereas textile as a more general term denotes the materials made of fibers (natural or manmade). The term “clothing”, on the other hand, is used to represent the act/status of wearing cloth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique Thermal Properties of Clothing Materials

Pan

2019

Global Challenges

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Cloth wearing seems so natural that everyone is self‐deemed knowledgeable and has some expert opinions about it. However, to clearly explain the physics involved, and hence to make predictions for clothing design or selection, it turns out to be quite challenging even for experts. Cloth is a multiphased, porous, and anisotropic material system and usually in multilayers. The human body acts as an internal heat source in a clothing situation, thus forming a temperature gradient between body and ambient. But unlike ordinary engineering heat transfer problems, the sign of this gradient often changes as the ambient temperature varies. The human body also perspires and the sweat evaporates, an effective body cooling process via phase change. To bring all the variables into analysis quickly escalates into a formidable task. This work attempts to unravel the problem from a physics perspective, focusing on a few rarely noticed yet critically important mechanisms involved so as to offer a clearer and more accurate depiction of the principles in clothing thermal comfort.

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Soft Robotic Textiles for Adaptive Personal Thermal Management

Zhang,

Wang,

Huang

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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Thermal protective textiles are crucial for safeguarding individuals, particularly firefighters and steelworkers, against extreme heat, and for preventing burn injuries. However, traditional firefighting gear suffers from statically fixed thermal insulation properties, potentially resulting in overheating and discomfort in moderate conditions, and insufficient protection in extreme fire events. Herein, an innovative soft robotic textile is developed for dynamically adaptive thermal management, providing superior personal protection and thermal comfort across a spectrum of environmental temperatures. This unique textile features a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)‐sealed actuation system, embedded with a low boiling point fluid for reversible phase transition, resembling an endoskeleton that triggers an expansion within the textile matrix for enhanced air gap and thermal insulation. The thermal resistance improves automatically from 0.23 to 0.48 Km2 W−1 by self‐actuating under intense heat, exceeding conventional textiles by maintaining over 10 °C cooler temperatures. Additionally, the knitted substrate incorporated into the soft actuators can substantially mitigate convective heat transfer, as evidenced by the thermal resistance tests and the temperature mapping derived from numerical simulations. Moreover, it boasts significantly increased moisture permeability. The thermoadaptation and breathability of this durable all‐fabric system signify considerable progress in the development of protective clothing with high comfort for dynamic and extreme temperature conditions.

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Heat and mass transfer through thermal protective clothing – A review

Cited by 94 publications

References 149 publications

Some Riddles in Clothing Thermal Behaviors

Some Riddles in Clothing Thermal Behaviors

Unique Thermal Properties of Clothing Materials

Soft Robotic Textiles for Adaptive Personal Thermal Management

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