Heat and mass transfer in a unitized regenerative fuel cell during mode switching

Guo, Quansheng; Guo, Hang; Ye, Fang; Fang, Chong; Liu, Qiang; Zhu, Xun

doi:10.1002/er.4319

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Dry membrane density, kg m À3 ρ M 2000 [36] Density of titanium, kg m À3 ρ Ti 4500 [36] Thermal conductivity of membrane, W (m K) À1 k M 0.25 [36] Thermal conductivity of titanium, W (m K) À1 k Ti 15.2 [36] Surface contact resistance, Ω m 2 R c 1:3 Â 10 À6 -Faraday constant, C mol À1 F 96 485 [9] Universal gas constant, J mol À1 K À1 R 8.314 [9] a workstation equipped with an Intel (R) Xeon (R) Gold 6140 CPU 2.30 GHz processor and 128.0 GB RAM.S.…”

Section: Numerical Solution and Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D two‐phase and non‐isothermal modeling for PEM water electrolyzer: Heat and mass transfer characteristic investigation

Zhou

Meng

Chen

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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A three-dimensional, two-phase, non-isothermal proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolyzer model was developed, aiming to reveal water and heat distribution characteristics and to explore the effects of various parameters on heat and mass transfer and performance of the electrolyzer. The results show that the electrolyzer performance depends on the combined effect of heat and mass, especially at high voltages. Although increasing the inlet velocity can accelerate the discharge of bubbles, it causes a larger temperature drop which degrades the performance. Increasing the inlet temperature can effectively improve the kinetic reaction rate of the catalyst layer and reduce the ohmic resistance of the membrane, which promotes the performance improvement. Decreasing the contact angle of anode gas diffusion layer (A-GDL) and increasing its porosity is beneficial to the transport of liquid water and improves the performance, but excessive porosity leads to a rapid increase in the ohmic resistance of A-GDL, and the optimal porosity range is 0.5 to 0.6. In addition, changes in A-GDL porosity and contact angle have little effect on temperature. Decreasing the thickness of the membrane can significantly improve the performance, but accelerate the increase of the membrane temperature at high voltage.

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Section: Numerical Solution and Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D two‐phase and non‐isothermal modeling for PEM water electrolyzer: Heat and mass transfer characteristic investigation

Zhou

Meng

Chen

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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“…On the other hand, aer EC mode, water remains on the anode side. 46 When the mode is switched from EC to FC, the water will block the distribution of the feed gas H 2 to the anode.…”

Section: Critical Issues Associated With Conventional Urfcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solutions to the water flooding problem for unitized regenerative fuel cells: status and perspectives

2020

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“…Among the numerous ESS are Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage, Flywheel Energy Storage [8], Compressed Air, and Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) [9]. However, because of their cost or capacity [10], many of these devices are not appropriate for wind-solar generation [11,12]. Some of the issues connected with deploying ESS in wind and solar energy systems include ramp rates [13], transmission losses, and limiting the power output of wind-solar farms [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Intelligent Model Predictive Control Strategy for Stable Solar-Wind Renewable Power Dispatch Coupled with Hydrogen Electrolyzer and Battery Energy Storage

Syed

Khalid

2023

International Journal of Energy Research

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Renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic (PV) and wind power are widely used; however, their intermittent nature impairs power supply quality by creating frequency distortions and irregularities in voltage. Battery energy storage systems (BESS) are utilized to flatten out and relieve fluctuation issues. To prevent the need for larger storage systems and to prolong their operational life through controlled charging and discharging, a method of control for BESS charging level regulation is necessary. This study presents a solar-wind power and battery state of charge (SoC) control technique using a hydrogen electrolyzer (HE) fuel cell unit. An Intelligent Model Predictive Controller (IMPC) has been developed that utilizes a neural network (NN) plant model for predictive minimization instead of using a mathematical plant model for dynamic management of the HE output, which allows for flattened PV-wind power supply with regulated BESS charging and discharging. The IMPC accepts as inputs the intermittent renewable power and different battery attributes and intelligently manages the HE production while staying within the imposed restrictions. The NN, as opposed to a mathematical plant model, captures the dynamics of the plant with exceptionally high accuracy. Moreover, the NN plant model performance increases as the data gathered from the actual system increases. The neural network model resolves concerns with the MPC model’s mathematical intricacy that occurs as the plant becomes more complicated. According to simulation results, the IMPC greatly reduces PV-wind power fluctuations, for solar power, the IMPC reduces the peak battery SoC by 26.7% and compared to FLC, the peak SoC is reduced by 11.2%. Similarly, for wind power, the peak SoC is reduced by 7.3% and is decreased 3.2% more than the FLC. To demonstrate the power smoothing effectiveness of the IMPC, the peak solar power ramp rate is reduced by 30.3% and the peak wind power ramp rate is reduced by 91.3%. The presented method encourages green hydrogen usage in the electrical sector for supplying firmed solar and wind power.

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Heat and mass transfer in a unitized regenerative fuel cell during mode switching

Cited by 21 publications

References 40 publications

3D two‐phase and non‐isothermal modeling for PEM water electrolyzer: Heat and mass transfer characteristic investigation

3D two‐phase and non‐isothermal modeling for PEM water electrolyzer: Heat and mass transfer characteristic investigation

Solutions to the water flooding problem for unitized regenerative fuel cells: status and perspectives

An Intelligent Model Predictive Control Strategy for Stable Solar-Wind Renewable Power Dispatch Coupled with Hydrogen Electrolyzer and Battery Energy Storage

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