Heat and freshwater budgets in the Red Sea from direct observations at Bab el Mandeb

Sofianos, Sarantis; Johns, William E.; Murray, Stephen P.

doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(01)00164-3

Cited by 148 publications

(150 citation statements)

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“…Estimates of the evaporation rate in the Red Sea have been obtained by using bulk formulae and the conservation of volume and salt inside the Red Sea basin. Sofianos, et al (2002) review the previous estimates of the evaporation-precipitation (E-P) rate in the Red Sea. The estimates range from 3.5m/year to 1.5m/year.…”

Section: Chapter 1: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The response of the Red Sea to a strong wind jet near the Tokar Gap in summer

Zhai¹

2011

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Section: Chapter 1: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In summer (June to September), the RSOW transport is reduced to 0.05Sv with a speed of 0.2-0.3m/s. Sofianos and Johns(2002) studied the mechanism of the seasonal variation of the flow through the strait of Bab el…”

Section: Chapter 1: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of the Red Sea to a strong wind jet near the Tokar Gap in summer

Zhai¹

2011

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“…Station 1 and 2 are characterized with calm water and muddy bottom having lowest value of 3.9 and 3.3 respectively. The highest value was recorded in station 1 having 4.1 [35][36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study on Pelagic Primary Productivity in the Coastal Areas of Eritrean Red Sea

Zewde¹,

Zhang²,

Ghebresilasse³

et al. 2018

J Marine Sci Res Dev

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Primary Productivity is the process by which inorganic forms of carbon are synthesized by living organisms into simple organic compounds. Most carbon on Earth is in inorganic oxidized forms such as carbon dioxide (CO2), bicarbonate (HCO3-), and carbonate (CO3). Inorganic carbon must be chemically reduced to form the organic molecules which are the building blocks of life and the mechanism by which energy is stored in living organisms. Eritrea's coastal and marine ecosystems are characterized by rich and diverse coral reefs, isolated mangrove forests, sea-grass beds, bays, beaches and pristine unpolluted waters that are at the critical juncture between development and conservation. These ecosystems represent a physical resource base for the potentially rich and unexploited marine fisheries. This study is basically aimed at the measurement of primary productivity in relation to fisheries. The study results will also high light the plankton assemblage of a coastal environment and this study will also examine the productivity of the coastal environment.

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“…This inflow/outflow of water is not uniform with depth. Throughout most of the year there is a two-layer exchange in which surface waters flow into the Red Sea and deeper waters flow out [e.g., Sofianos et al, 2002, Smeed, 2004. In the summer, the surface flow reverses and there is an influx of water at 80 meter depth [Sofianos et al, 2002, Smeed, 2004.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flow of water through the Bab el Mandab occurs through a complicated, multilayer pattern [see e.g., Sofianos et al, 2002;Smeed, 2004]. During the fall, winds blowing from the SSE cause a net northward flow of cool, near-surface water into the Red Sea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variability of the Red Sea, from satellite gravity, radar altimetry, and in situ observations

et al. 2014

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The NERC and NOC trademarks and logos ('the Trademarks') are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner. RESEARCH ARTICLE 10.1002/2014JC010161Seasonal variability of the Red Sea, from satellite gravity, radar altimetry, and in situ observations Abstract Seasonal variations of sea surface height (SSH) and mass within the Red Sea are caused mostly by exchange of heat with the atmosphere and by flow through the strait opening into the Gulf of Aden to the south. That flow involves a net mass transfer into the Red Sea during fall and out during spring, though in summer there is an influx of cool water at intermediate depths. Thus, summer water in the south is warmer near the surface due to higher air temperatures, but cooler at intermediate depths. Summer water in the north experiences warming by air-sea exchange only. The temperature affects water density, which impacts SSH but has no effect on mass. We study this seasonal cycle by combining GRACE mass estimates, altimeter SSH measurements, and steric contributions derived from the World Ocean Atlas temperature climatology. Among our conclusions are: mass contributions are much larger than steric contributions; the mass is largest in winter, consistent with winds pushing water into the Red Sea in fall and out during spring; the steric signal is largest in summer, consistent with surface warming; and the cool, intermediate-depth water flowing into the Red Sea in spring has little impact on the steric signal, because contributions from the lowered temperature are offset by effects of decreased salinity. The results suggest that the combined use of altimeter and GRACE measurements can provide a useful alternative to in situ data for monitoring the steric signal.

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Heat and freshwater budgets in the Red Sea from direct observations at Bab el Mandeb

Cited by 148 publications

References 14 publications

The response of the Red Sea to a strong wind jet near the Tokar Gap in summer

The response of the Red Sea to a strong wind jet near the Tokar Gap in summer

A Comparative Study on Pelagic Primary Productivity in the Coastal Areas of Eritrean Red Sea

Seasonal variability of the Red Sea, from satellite gravity, radar altimetry, and in situ observations

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