Heat and Cold Waves Over India

Pai, D. S.; Srivastava, A. K.; Nair, Smitha Anil

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2531-0_4

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The increase in the number of intensive heat waves between March and June in India over a recent-past decade was attributed to the presence of an upper-level cyclonic anomaly over the west of North Africa and a cooling anomaly in the Pacific (Ratnam et al 2016). A significant decadal variation was observed in the frequency, spatial coverage and area of the maximum frequency of heat (cold) wave events over India (Pai et al 2017). The variability of heat waves over India was found to be influenced by both the tropical Indian Ocean and central Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies.…”

Section: Temperature Extremesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The significant decrease in the intensity of coldest night during the pre-monsoon (about 0.28°C per decade) and monsoon (about 0.15°C per decade) seasons contribute to the accelerated annual decrease in the intensity of the coldest night over India during the recent period 1986-2015. Significant increasing (decreasing) trends in heatwaves (cold waves) are observed during the hot (cold) weather season over most parts of India (Rohini et al 2016(Rohini et al , 2019Ratnam et al 2016;Pai et al 2017). These periods containing consecutive extremely hot days (cold nights) are defined when departure in daily maximum (minimum) temperature exceeds (are below) the objectively defined threshold value (Pai et al 2017).…”

Section: Temperature Extremesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significant increasing (decreasing) trends in heatwaves (cold waves) are observed during the hot (cold) weather season over most parts of India (Rohini et al 2016(Rohini et al , 2019Ratnam et al 2016;Pai et al 2017). These periods containing consecutive extremely hot days (cold nights) are defined when departure in daily maximum (minimum) temperature exceeds (are below) the objectively defined threshold value (Pai et al 2017). The observed frequency, total duration and maximum duration of heat waves during the hot summer months (April-June) are increasing over central and north-western parts of India (Rohini et al 2016).…”

Section: Temperature Extremesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Temperature Changes in India

Sanjay

Revadekar

Ramarao

et al. 2020

Assessment of Climate Change Over the Indian Region

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key Messages • Annual mean, maximum and minimum temperatures averaged over India during 1986-2015 show significant warming trend of 0.15°C, 0.15°C and 0.13°C per decade, respectively (high confidence), which is consistent with dendroclimatic studies. • Pre-monsoon temperatures displayed the highest warming trend followed by post-monsoon and monsoon seasons. • The frequency of warm extremes over India has increased during 1951-2015, with accelerated warming trends during the recent 30 year period 1986-2015 (high confidence). Significant warming is observed for the warmest day, warmest night and coldest night since 1986. • The CORDEX mean surface air temperature change over India for the mid-term (long-term) period 2040-2069 (2070-2099) relative to 1976-2005 is projected to be in the range of 1.39-2.70°C (1.33-4.44°C) across greenhouse gas warming scenarios. The ranges of these Indian mean temperature trends are broadly consistent with the CMIP5 based estimates. • The frequency and intensity of warm days and warm nights are projected to increase over India in the next decades, while that of cold days and cold nights will decrease (high confidence). These changes will be more pronounced for cold nights and warm nights. • The pre-monsoon season heatwave frequency, duration, intensity and areal coverage over India are projected to substantially increase during the twenty-first century (high confidence).

show abstract

Section: Temperature Extremesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Temperature Extremesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Temperature Extremesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Temperature Changes in India

Sanjay

Revadekar

Ramarao

et al. 2020

Assessment of Climate Change Over the Indian Region

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A higher effect of heatwaves of longer duration and high intensity is shown in most cities suggesting that duration may be more important than intensity (D'Ippoliti et al, 2010). In regions that experience high heat, such as India, most heatwaves are less than 10 days although in a few locations they have lasted 15 or more days (Pai et al, 2017). We argue that 15-day heatwaves of >42 °C can be classified as extreme events.…”

Section: How Hot Is Hot?mentioning

confidence: 75%

Global urban exposure projections to extreme heatwaves

Marcotullio

Keßler

Fekete

2022

Front. Built Environ.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the past decades, the world has experienced increasing heatwave intensity, frequency, and duration. This trend is projected to increase into the future with climate change. At the same time, the global population is also projected to increase, largely in the world’s cities. This urban growth is associated with increased heat in the urban core, compared to surrounding areas, exposing residents to both higher temperatures and more intense heatwaves than their rural counterparts. Regional studies suggest that Asia and Africa will be significantly affected. How many people may be exposed to levels of extreme heat events in the future remains unclear. Identifying the range in number of potentially exposed populations and where the vulnerable are located can help planners prioritize adaption efforts. We project the ranges of population exposed to heatwaves at varying levels to 2,100 for three future periods of time (2010–2039, 2040–2069, 2070–2099) using the Shared Socio-Economic Pathways (SSPs) and the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs). We hypothesize that the largest populations that will be exposed to very warm heatwaves are located in Asia and Africa. Our projections represent the warmest heatwaves for 15 days during these three periods. By the 2070–2099 period, the exposure levels to extreme heatwaves (>42°) exceed 3.5 billion, under the sustainability scenario (RCP2.6-SSP1). The number of those exposed in cities climbs with greater projected climate change. The largest shares of the exposed populations are located in Southern Asia and tropical countries Western and Central Africa. While this research demonstrates the importance of this type of climate change event, urban decision-makers are only recently developing policies to address heat. There is an urgent need for further research in this area.

show abstract

“…The recent report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has vividly stated that the consequences of climate change will direct to increasing extreme temperatures and the frequency of extreme temperature days (IPCC, 2013). This cruel truth has currently become progressively more obvious in different forms of extreme weather like increasing thermal anomaly, heat waves (HW) and cold waves (CW), and so on (Pai et al, 2017;Smid et al, 2019). IPCC (2007) reported increasing global mean temperature over the last 100 years On the contrary, many parts of the world including India also experience CW at different times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring heat and cold wave susceptible areas of India using consistency and frequency coupled novel approach

Sarda

Halder

Das

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A good many studies identified year-specific heat wave (HW) and cold wave (CW) using a percentile approach, the present study tried to identify and grade consecutive two and five days HW and CW spells using consistency and frequency coupled approach using the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) endorsed gridded data across India since 1961 to 2021. The entire period was split into dry (1961–1990) and wet (1991–2021) phases to explore the long-term average of extreme temperature patterns and HW and CW change. The study revealed that wider parts of north western and central India were prone to statistically significant 30 years, 7 years, and 1-year average extreme temperature hot spot, and J & K and parts of north western India were prone to cold-spot (at 95 and 99% levels). The hot-spot and cold-spot dominated areas were again spotted as highly consistent and high-intensity HW and CW. About 60–65% area of north-western and central India was found consistent HW covering north western and central India. However, frequency and consistency coupled with HW intensity were recognized at five patches of the same area. Rajasthan and Delhi regions were found as the most intense HW zone. The average phase-wise change of HW was not very clear, however, some grids of this region recorded an increasing frequency of HW. CW intensity was increased by 13–26% in the northwestern tract over the phases. HW and CW matrix exhibited the co-existence of high intensity of HW and CW in the Rajasthan and Delhi region indicating high socio-ecological susceptibility. The findings of this study would be instrumental for regional priority planning and building adaptive capacity for combating the situation.

show abstract

Heat and Cold Waves Over India

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Temperature Changes in India

Temperature Changes in India

Global urban exposure projections to extreme heatwaves

Exploring heat and cold wave susceptible areas of India using consistency and frequency coupled novel approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About