Heat Adaptability of Growing New Zealand White rabbits under Egyptian Conditions

Abd-El-Samee, A.M.; Tantawy, Hekmat M.; Rashed, Rashed M

doi:10.21608/zvjz.2014.59479

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In a crossbreeding experiment between NZW and GB rabbits, Abdel-Aziz [29] reported that GM positively (p<0.01) influenced post-weaning growth traits, with a preference for GB dams. Abou-Khadiga et al, [17] found that the V-line dams significantly outperformed the Baladi Black rabbits in a crossbreeding experiment, with exhibited percentages of GM, by 4.4 and 5.9% of BW at 8 and 12 weeks, respectively.…”

Section: Maternal Effects (G M )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most rabbit breeding programs, sire lines are selected based on post-weaning daily weight gain or weight at the end of the fattening period. This is because heavier market weight is crucial for profitability in rabbit farms, as it allows for selling more kilograms of rabbit and increasing profit [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most instances of crossing between Gabali and exotic breeds or synthetic lines of rabbits, positive direct heterosis has been observed in traits such as body weight, daily gain, and survival from weaning to marketing age [15,16,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Genetic Response of Crossing on Post-Weaning Growth Traits in Rabbits

Shehab El-Din,

Ahmed,

El-Komy

2024

Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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HIS STUDY conducted a crossbreeding experiment involving Gabali bucks (GB) and New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits to assess the impact of crossbreeding on post-weaning body weights at 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks of age. Additionally, daily gain in weight (DG) was computed at intervals of 4-6, 6-8, 8-10, and 10-12 weeks. The crossbreeding genetic parameters (direct additive, maternal effects, and direct heterotic effect) of different traits were estimated. Significant differences (P≤0.001) between genetic groups were observed for all BW and DG4-6. The estimates of direct additive genetic reveal that GB rabbits are significantly superior (p<0.01) to NZW rabbits in postweaning growth body weight (BW6, BW8, BW10) traits at most ages and DG 4-6 , with an increase in BW representing a percentage ranging from 8 to 16.8%, and for DG ranging from 3.2 to 28.1%. The estimates of maternal effect (G M ) reveal that the GB breed had a preference significant G M (p<0.01) compared with the NZW breed at BW6(78.62g) and DG4-6(4.28 g/d), with an increase represented percentages of 9.9 and 19.54% for BW6 and DG4-6, respectively. The NZW breed had a preference G M (p<0.01) for DG traits in the last three intervals (DG6-8, DG8-10, and DG10-12), with percentages ranging from 8.2 to 17.6%. The analysis revealed positive and significant (P≤0. 001) effects of direct heterosis, ranging from 13.2 to 28.5% for BW traits and ranging from 6.2 to 27.9% for DG traits. Crossbreeding GB and NZW rabbits can improve post-weaning growth and contribute to creating high-growth lines for smallholder breeders.

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Section: Maternal Effects (G M )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Genetic Response of Crossing on Post-Weaning Growth Traits in Rabbits

Shehab El-Din,

Ahmed,

El-Komy

2024

Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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“…Rectal temperatures vary between 38.3 and 39.9 o C under thermo-neutral conditions. An increase in the ambient air temperature from 18 to 35 o C is accompanied by significant increases in rectal temperature in sheep (Abdel-Samee, 1991;Marai et al, 2000). The tropics is characterized by high ambient temperature (22-32 o C or higher).…”

Section: Résumémentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of physiological adaptation in West African dwarf and Kalahari red goats in the humid tropics

Shittu,

Odeyemi,

Adekunle

et al. 2023

NJAP

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Animal production output has suffered significantly due to climate change, necessitating thorough research on breed-specific adaptive mechanism, particularly for goats, in order to better understand these animals’ tolerance level. The comparative physiological adaptation of the West African Dwarf (WAD) goat indigenous to the humid climate of West Africa and the Kalahari Red (KR) goat introduced to the humid zone of Southwestern Nigeria from the semi-arid sub-tropical zone of South Africa was investigated. Fourteen goats consisting of seven WAD and seven KR aged between 2 and 4 years were housed in a well ventilated concrete-floored pen. The animals were zero-grazed and fed concentrate and Bracharia decumbens hay for six months consisting of two seasons; cold-dry season (November – January) and hot dry season (February – April). Rectal temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate and pulse rate were monitored twice daily once a week. Kalahari Red goats had significantly higher (p<0.001) rectal temperature (38.97 vs. 38.39o C), respiratory rate (51.20 vs. 47.98 breaths / min) and pulse rate (61.56 vs. 60.22 pulses / min) than WAD goats while heart rate was similar (p<0.05) in the two breeds. Rectal temperature, respiratory rate and pulse rate were lower in both breeds in the cold dry season than in the hot dry season. All the physiological parameters measured in this experiment were significantly (p<0.001) affected by time of day and week of sampling. Rectal temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate and pulse rate were all higher in the afternoon than in the morning while the highest values were recorded in the 20th, 22nd, 23rd and 3rd week of sampling, respectively. Rectal temperature, respiratory rate and pulse rate were lower in both breeds in the cold dry season than in the hot dry season. The study concluded that rectal temperature, respiratory rate and pulse rate were all higher in the Kalahari Red than the West African Dwarf goats. Though the adaptive physiological responses of both breeds to the humid tropical climate appeared to be adequate, however, the West African Dwarf goat appeared to cope better in the hot-dry season while the Kalahari Red goat appeared to cope better in the cold-dry season. La production animale a considérablement souffert du changement climatique, ce qui a nécessité des recherches approfondies sur les mécanismes d’adaptation spécifiques aux races, en particulier pour les chèvres, afin de mieux comprendre le niveau de tolérance de ces animaux. L'adaptation physiologique comparative de la chèvre West African Dwarf (WAD) indigène au climat humide de l'Afrique de l'Ouest et de la chèvre du Kalahari Red (KR) introduite dans la zone humide du sud ouest du Nigéria à partir de la zone subtropicale semi-aride d'Afrique du Sud a été enquêté. Quatorze chèvres, dont sept WAD et sept KR âgées de 2 à 4 ans, ont été hébergées dans un enclos au sol en béton bien ventilé. Les animaux ont été nourris au pâturage zéro et nourris avec du concentré et du foin de Bracharia decumbens pendant six mois répartis sur deux saisons ; saison froide et sèche (novembre – janvier) et saison chaude et sèche (février – avril). La température rectale, la fréquence respiratoire, la fréquence cardiaque et le pouls ont été surveillés deux fois par jour une fois par semaine. Les chèvres rouges du Kalahari avaient une température rectale (38,97 contre 38,39 °C), une fréquence respiratoire (51,20 contre 47,98 respirations/min) et un pouls (61,56 contre 60,22 impulsions/min) significativement plus élevés (p<0,001) que les chèvres WAD tandis que le cœur le taux était similaire (p <0,05) dans les deux races. La température rectale, la fréquence respiratoire et le pouls étaient plus faibles chez les deux races pendant la saison sèche froide que pendant la saison sèche chaude. Tous les paramètres physiologiques mesurés dans cette expérience étaient significativement (p <0,001) affectés par l'heure de la journée et la semaine d'échantillonnage. La température rectale, la fréquence respiratoire, la fréquence cardiaque et la fréquence du pouls étaient toutes plus élevées l’après-midi que le matin, tandis que les valeurs les plus élevées ont été enregistrées respectivement au cours des 20e, 22e, 23e et 3e semaines d’échantillonnage. La température rectale, la fréquence respiratoire et le pouls étaient plus faibles chez les deux races pendant la saison sèche froide que pendant la saison sèche chaude. L’étude a conclu que la température rectale, la fréquence respiratoire et le pouls étaient tous plus élevés chez la chèvre rouge du Kalahari que chez la chèvre naine d’Afrique de l’Ouest. Bien que les réponses physiologiques adaptatives des deux races au climat tropical humide semblent être adéquates, la chèvre naine d'Afrique de l'Ouest semble mieux s'en sortir pendant la saison chaude et sèche, tandis que la chèvre rouge du Kalahari semble mieux s'en sortir pendant la saison froide et sèche.

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“…BDKRB1, which was observed to be the most upregulated gene, indicated that there was an acceleration in the inflammation rate during heat challenge, which is transiently induced by injury in the tissue or by inflammation ( Raslan et al, 2010 ). WBCs increased by 21–26% in heat-stressed cattle due to thyromolymphatic involution or erythrocyte destruction ( Abdel-Samee, 1987 ; Bagath et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Stress: Effects on Rumen Microbes and Host Physiology, and Strategies to Alleviate the Negative Impacts on Lactating Dairy Cows

et al. 2022

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Heat stress (HS) in dairy cows causes considerable losses in the dairy industry worldwide due to reduced animal performance, increased cases of metabolic disorders, altered rumen microbiome, and other health problems. Cows subjected to HS showed decreased ruminal pH and acetate concentration and an increased concentration of ruminal lactate. Heat-stressed cows have an increased abundance of lactate-producing bacteria such as Streptococcus and unclassified Enterobacteriaceae, and soluble carbohydrate utilizers such as Ruminobacter, Treponema, and unclassified Bacteroidaceae. Cellulolytic bacteria, especially Fibrobacteres, increase during HS due to a high heat resistance. Actinobacteria and Acetobacter, both acetate-producing bacteria, decreased under HS conditions. Rumen fermentation functions, blood parameters, and metabolites are also affected by the physiological responses of the animal during HS. Isoleucine, methionine, myo-inositol, lactate, tryptophan, tyrosine, 1,5-anhydro-D-sorbitol, 3-phenylpropionic acid, urea, and valine decreased under these conditions. These responses affect feed consumption and production efficiency in milk yield, growth rate, and reproduction. At the cellular level, activation of heat shock transcription factor (HSF) (located throughout the nucleus and the cytoplasm) and increased expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) are the usual responses to cope with homeostasis. HSP70 is the most abundant HSP family responsible for the environmental stress response, while HSF1 is essential for increasing cell temperature. The expression of bovine lymphocyte antigen and histocompatibility complex class II (DRB3) is downregulated during HS, while HSP90 beta I and HSP70 1A are upregulated. HS increases the expression of the cytosolic arginine sensor for mTORC1 subunits 1 and 2, phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin and decreases the phosphorylation of Janus kinase-2 (a signal transducer and activator of transcription factor-5). These changes in physiology, metabolism, and microbiomes in heat-stressed dairy cows require urgent alleviation strategies. Establishing control measures to combat HS can be facilitated by elucidating mechanisms, including proper HS assessment, access to cooling facilities, special feeding and care, efficient water systems, and supplementation with vitamins, minerals, plant extracts, and probiotics. Understanding the relationship between HS and the rumen microbiome could contribute to the development of manipulation strategies to alleviate the influence of HS. This review comprehensively elaborates on the impact of HS in dairy cows and introduces different alleviation strategies to minimize HS.

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Heat Adaptability of Growing New Zealand White rabbits under Egyptian Conditions

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Assessing the Genetic Response of Crossing on Post-Weaning Growth Traits in Rabbits

Assessing the Genetic Response of Crossing on Post-Weaning Growth Traits in Rabbits

Comparative study of physiological adaptation in West African dwarf and Kalahari red goats in the humid tropics

Heat Stress: Effects on Rumen Microbes and Host Physiology, and Strategies to Alleviate the Negative Impacts on Lactating Dairy Cows

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