Heartland of Cities: Surveys of Ancient Settlement and Land Use on the Central Floodplain of the Euphrates

Grayson, A. Kirk; Adams, Robert M.

doi:10.2307/1864175

Cited by 57 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…After the initial recording and evaluation of the archaeological sites, photographs were taken using a quadcopter (DJI Mavic Pro 1). While aerial photography using fixed‐wing aircrafts is useful (e.g., Adams, 1981), the recent development of drones that use high‐performance cameras makes it possible to capture detailed aerial recordings. Therefore, drone photography was used to capture details about site boundaries and detect overlooked features and micro‐topography.…”

Section: Survey Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeological surveys of a canyon and floodplain in the Tanūf District, North‐Central Oman: Optimised methodology and applications

Kuronuma

Miki

Kondo

2022

Arab Archaeol Epigr

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The highly‐elevated and rugged topography of the Al‐Ḥajar Mountains in Northern Oman requires a topographically‐optimised survey methodology. To reconstruct the archaeological landscapes in the southern piedmont area of the Tanūf District, we applied a combined ground survey and satellite imagery analysis. In the narrow canyon, we travelled towards visible caves on the cliffs and cairns on the ridges and recorded all encountered sites on the way. In the open floodplain and surrounding hills, we visited all visible features after scanning them from higher viewpoints. We utilised satellite imagery to complement inaccessible sites. Accordingly, we identified 23 sites from the Early Bronze Age to the Early Islamic period through ground surveys, and an additional nine sites through satellite imagery analysis. In our qualitative evaluation, this combined method was effective enough to reconstruct the archaeological landscapes of the survey area.

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Section: Survey Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeological surveys of a canyon and floodplain in the Tanūf District, North‐Central Oman: Optimised methodology and applications

Kuronuma

Miki

Kondo

2022

Arab Archaeol Epigr

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“…The largest pedestrian surveys-requiring many years of effort by large research teamscover, at most, a few thousand square kilometres and tend to employ idiosyncratic classificatory systems that hinder inter-survey comparisons (Daniels 1970;Sanders 1970;Sanders et al 1979;Adams 1981;Blanton et al 1981Blanton et al , 1999Barker et al 1996;Bauer & Covey 2002;Bewley et al 2016). Moreover, where survey data registries can be reconciled and aggregated, their combined distributions do not generally constitute systematic samples of large study areas.…”

Section: Scalar Challenges In Archaeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale, collaborative imagery survey in archaeology: the Geospatial Platform for Andean Culture, History and Archaeology (GeoPACHA)

Wernke,

Van Valkenburgh,

Zimmer-Dauphinee

et al. 2023

Antiquity

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Imagery-based survey is capable of producing archaeological datasets that complement those collected through field-based survey methods, widening the scope of analysis beyond regions. The Geospatial Platform for Andean Culture, History and Archaeology (GeoPACHA) enables systematic registry of imagery survey data through a ‘federated’ approach. Using GeoPACHA, teams pursue problem-specific research questions through a common data schema and interface that allows for inter-project comparisons, analyses and syntheses. The authors present an overview of the platform's rationale and functionality, as well as a summary of results from the first survey campaign, which was carried out by six projects distributed across the central Andes, five of which are represented here.

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“…Although the narratives described above have been confirmed in recent decades, these interpretations mostly rely on regional studies (Adams, 1981;Aqrawi, 2001;Jotheri et al, 2016;Pournelle, 2003) and ample chronological phases often working at a millennial scale (Jotheri et al, 2018;Morozova, 2005;Wilkinson & Rayne, 2010;Wilkinson et al, 2015). Our goal, instead, was to update the current narrative by analysing a specific area (Marchetti et al, 2017(Marchetti et al, , 2019.…”

Section: Introduction and Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of water management strategies in southern Mesopotamia during the fourth and third millennium B.C.E.

Mantellini,

Picotti,

Al‐Hussainy

et al. 2024

Geoarchaeology

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The last two decades witnessed increasing scholarly interest in the history of water management in southern Mesopotamia. Thanks to many geoarchaeological research projects conducted throughout the central and southern Iraqi floodplains, a general understanding of the macrophases of anthropogenic manipulation of this vast hydraulic landscape has been achieved. However, current narratives mostly rely on studies at a regional scale and are based on excessively long chronological phases (often spanning a whole millennium). A finer‐tuned analysis at a submillennial scale is needed to better appreciate the dynamics that led to the development of artificial canals and irrigation systems and the creation of harbours in cities and other navigation‐related facilities. The Iraqi‐Italian QADIS project is addressing this issue through a systematic geoarchaeological investigation in the south‐eastern area of the Qadisiyah province. We aim to update the current narrative by analysing case studies involving specific periods of occupation. We performed 17 boreholes to propose a date on the functioning period of the hydraulic works in five selected archaeological sites of this region. This approach allowed us to understand changes in water management strategies in both the short and the medium term (i.e., on a scale of centuries). In this paper, we present the results for the fourth and third millennia B.C.E. This period witnessed a crucial passage from the basic exploitation of natural watercourses for irrigation and occasional navigation to the emergence of the first system of artificial canals and intraurban harbours.

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Heartland of Cities: Surveys of Ancient Settlement and Land Use on the Central Floodplain of the Euphrates

Cited by 57 publications

References 0 publications

Archaeological surveys of a canyon and floodplain in the Tanūf District, North‐Central Oman: Optimised methodology and applications

Archaeological surveys of a canyon and floodplain in the Tanūf District, North‐Central Oman: Optimised methodology and applications

Large-scale, collaborative imagery survey in archaeology: the Geospatial Platform for Andean Culture, History and Archaeology (GeoPACHA)

Development of water management strategies in southern Mesopotamia during the fourth and third millennium B.C.E.

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