Heart rate variability increases following automated acoustic slow wave sleep enhancement

Diep, Charmaine; Ftouni, Suzanne; Drummond, Sean P.A.; Garcia-Molina, Gary; Anderson, Clare

doi:10.1111/jsr.13545

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The observed increased SDNN for all conditions (except only trend-level for ENVELOPE) points towards generally increased autonomic activation [79] and the significantly increased RMSSD for the UP, DOWN, BINAURAL BEATS, and a trend for ISI1 High indicates increased parasympathetic activation. Our finding is in line with correlational evidence showing increased HRV parameters with increased SWA [33,80,81], and two studies demonstrating effects of auditory stimulation on 5 min HRV measurements [22,30]. However, the HRV results should always be interpreted with caution, as those measurements only indirectly reflect underlying ANS activity.…”

Section: Auditory Slow-wave Enhancement Alters Cardiovascular Featuressupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The complete procedure on the stimulation logic is described in detail here [29]. Briefly, the EEG signal was notch filtered at 50 Hz, and then the EEG spectral power was calculated in the three frequency bands: low delta (2-4 Hz), high delta (3-5 Hz), and high beta (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) to determine whether the participant is in NREM sleep or non-NREM sleep (wake or REM). Furthermore, the first 10 min of uninterrupted NREM sleep served to calculate a beta power threshold for each night to account for a shift to wake, light sleep, or artifacts.…”

Section: Auditory Stimulation Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beyond the elicited responses of the auditory stimulation on brain activity, cardiovascular parameters such as 5 min heart rate variability (HRV) [22,30] were shown to be altered upon slow wave enhancement. During sleep, the heart is mainly under the control of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) dominated by a cyclic pattern with parasympathetic predominance during NREM sleep [31] and sympathetic predominance during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of auditory sleep modulation approaches on brain oscillatory and cardiovascular dynamics

Huwiler

Dominguez

Huwyler

et al. 2022

Sleep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Slow waves, the hallmark feature of deep nonrapid eye movement sleep, do potentially drive restorative effects of sleep on brain and body functions. Sleep modulation techniques to elucidate the functional role of slow waves thus have gained large interest. Auditory slow wave stimulation is a promising tool; however, directly comparing auditory stimulation approaches within a night and analyzing induced dynamic brain and cardiovascular effects are yet missing. Here, we tested various auditory stimulation approaches in a windowed, 10 s ON (stimulations) followed by 10 s OFF (no stimulations), within-night stimulation design and compared them to a SHAM control condition. We report the results of three studies and a total of 51 included nights and found a large and global increase in slow-wave activity (SWA) in the stimulation window compared to SHAM. Furthermore, slow-wave dynamics were most pronouncedly increased at the start of the stimulation and declined across the stimulation window. Beyond the changes in brain oscillations, we observed, for some conditions, a significant increase in the mean interval between two heartbeats within a stimulation window, indicating a slowing of the heart rate, and increased heart rate variability derived parasympathetic activity. Those cardiovascular changes were positively correlated with the change in SWA, and thus, our findings provide insight into the potential of auditory slow wave enhancement to modulate cardiovascular restorative conditions during sleep. However, future studies need to investigate whether the potentially increased restorative capacity through slow-wave enhancements translates into a more rested cardiovascular system on a subsequent day.

show abstract

Section: Auditory Slow-wave Enhancement Alters Cardiovascular Featuressupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Auditory Stimulation Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of auditory sleep modulation approaches on brain oscillatory and cardiovascular dynamics

Huwiler

Dominguez

Huwyler

et al. 2022

Sleep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1 B ) ( 73 ). More recently, causally increased SWA via acoustic SOs stimulation resulted in increased vagal activity (measured by HF-HRV and SDNN) during SWS compared to sham stimulation ( 74 ), suggesting a strong interdependency between vagal activity and slow EEG oscillatory events during SWS.…”

Section: Sleep Modulates Ans Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the roles of central and autonomic activity during sleep in the improvement of working memory and episodic memory

Chen

Zhang

Thayer

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The last decade has seen significant progress in identifying sleep mechanisms that support cognition. Most of these studies focus on the link between electrophysiological events of the central nervous system during sleep and improvements in different cognitive domains, while the dynamic shifts of the autonomic nervous system across sleep have been largely overlooked. Recent studies, however, have identified significant contributions of autonomic inputs during sleep to cognition. Yet, there remain considerable gaps in understanding how central and autonomic systems work together during sleep to facilitate cognitive improvement. In this article we examine the evidence for the independent and interactive roles of central and autonomic activities during sleep and wake in cognitive processing. We specifically focus on the prefrontal–subcortical structures supporting working memory and mechanisms underlying the formation of hippocampal-dependent episodic memory. Our Slow Oscillation Switch Model identifies separate and competing underlying mechanisms supporting the two memory domains at the synaptic, systems, and behavioral levels. We propose that sleep is a competitive arena in which both memory domains vie for limited resources, experimentally demonstrated when boosting one system leads to a functional trade-off in electrophysiological and behavioral outcomes. As these findings inevitably lead to further questions, we suggest areas of future research to better understand how the brain and body interact to support a wide range of cognitive domains during a single sleep episode.

show abstract

“…One way of measuring coordinated brain-body states is to use heart rate variability (HRV), or the relative spacing between heart beats, as a surrogate for parasympathetic activation; HRV increases during states of rest-and-digest (Gaidica & Dantzer, 2020). Not only are SWA and HRV broadly coordinated, but enhancing SWA through external audio stimulation increases HRV (Diep et al, 2022) and decreases morning cortisol (Grimaldi et al, 2019). Remarkably, tactile peripheral stimulation can modify HRV and presumably alter SWA through the bidirectional autonomic pathways (Choi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Box 1 the Evolving Definition Of Sleep From Behavior To Phys...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“Deep Sleep”: A Comparative Approach to Defining Meaningful Rest

Gaidica¹

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A modern definition of “deep sleep” is elusive despite being ubiquitously appreciated as an important physiological state supporting health and homeostasis. In modern times, human deep sleep is identified by specific bioelectric signatures in the electroencephalogram (EEG) emerging somewhere between periods of wakefulness. However, deep sleep has been used to describe states of quiescence well before the first electrical brain recordings in the late 1800s, highlighting its own evolution in both lay and medical literature. Furthermore, EEG states are not only ill-defined in most mammals outside of humans and laboratory rodents, but non-existent in some invertebrates. Given that all organisms rest and do so with seemingly well-defined utility, it remains a challenge linguistically, scientifically, and comparatively define what “deep sleep” means—or what it should—in a research context. Here, I explore standard definitions of deep sleep from a modern, comparative perspective, and discuss potential problems of using a strict and narrow definition of such a fleeting concept that has historically undergone significant updates. Finally, I suggest a path towards resolving inconsistencies around the meaning of “deep sleep” and consider whether it is truly reflected by any one measure.

show abstract

Heart rate variability increases following automated acoustic slow wave sleep enhancement

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of auditory sleep modulation approaches on brain oscillatory and cardiovascular dynamics

Effects of auditory sleep modulation approaches on brain oscillatory and cardiovascular dynamics

Understanding the roles of central and autonomic activity during sleep in the improvement of working memory and episodic memory

“Deep Sleep”: A Comparative Approach to Defining Meaningful Rest

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About