Heart and scaphognathite activity in the shore crab Carcinus maenas (L.)

Cumberlidge, Neil; Uglow, R. F.

doi:10.1016/0022-0981(77)90065-x

Cited by 87 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Thus, the cardiac responses of crabs to the VDS and looming stimuli may represent an example of the so-called 'startle induced bradycardia' of many animal species to rapid and intense sensory stimuli (Guirguis and Wilkens, 1995). Support for this proposal comes from earlier works showing that in most cases of intense sensory stimulation, both the heart and the scaphognathites of decapod crustaceans exhibit a coordinated and rapid decrease in beating (Larimer, 1964;McMahon and Wilkens, 1972;Cumberlidge and Uglow, 1977). Furthermore, it was demonstrated that this coordinated response is the result of a command system of interneurons, located in the circumesophageal connectives innervating both the heart and gill bailers, whose activity can be altered by sensory inputs with parallel changes in HR and ventilation rate (Wilkens et al, 1974;Field and Larimer, 1975a;Field and Larimer, 1975b;Taylor, 1982;Miyazaki et al, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In addition, the responses to several types of stimuli (tactile and chemical cues) were examined for their effects on the heart and ventilatory rate of crayfish, finding a reflex inhibition in the majority of them (Larimer, 1964). More specifically, bradycardia or reversible heart arrests have been reported in crabs, lobsters and crayfish to a variety of optical and tactile stimuli (Cuadras, 1980;Cumberlidge and Uglow, 1977;Florey and Kriebel, 1974;Grober, 1990a;Grober, 1990b;Larimer and Tindel, 1966;McMahon and Wilkens, 1972;Mislin, 1966;Shuranova and Burmistrov, 2002;Uglow, 1973;Wilkens et al, 1974). Furthermore, another set of results also gathered in crustacea have shown that even though no observable behavioral responses were elicited, heart rate was measurably affected by small disturbances in the environment or by social interaction (Li et al, 2000;Listerman et al, 2000;Schapker et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The cardiac response of the crabChasmagnathus granulatusas an index of sensory perception

Burnovicz

Oliva

Hermitte

2009

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYWhen an animalʼs observable behavior remains unaltered, one can be misled in determining whether it is able to sense an environmental cue. By measuring an index of the internal state, additional information about perception may be obtained. We studied the cardiac response of the crab Chasmagnathus to different stimulus modalities: a light pulse, an air puff, virtual looming stimuli and a real visual danger stimulus. The first two did not trigger observable behavior, but the last two elicited a clear escape response. We examined the changes in heart rate upon sensory stimulation. Cardiac response and escape response latencies were also measured and compared during looming stimuli presentation. The cardiac parameters analyzed revealed significant changes (cardio-inhibitory responses) to all the stimuli investigated. We found a clear correlation between escape and cardiac response latencies to different looming stimuli. This study proved useful to examine the perceptual capacity independently of behavior. In addition, the correlation found between escape and cardiac responses support previous results which showed that in the face of impending danger the crab triggers several coordinated defensive reactions. The ability to escape predation or to be alerted to subtle changes in the environment in relation to autonomic control is associated with the complex ability to integrate sensory information as well as motor output to target tissues. This ʻfear, fight or flightʼ response gives support to the idea of an autonomic-like reflexive control in crustaceans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cardiac response of the crabChasmagnathus granulatusas an index of sensory perception

Burnovicz

Oliva

Hermitte

2009

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Within this field there is a growing body of literature on the cardiovascular and respiratory responses of decapod crustaceans to low salinity. The most common response to low salinity is a pronounced tachycardia (Hume and Berlind, 1976;Cumberlidge and Uglow, 1977;Spaargaren, 1982;McGaw and McMahon, 1996;McGaw and McMahon, 2003;McGaw and Reiber, 1998;Dufort et al, 2001;McGaw, 2006a). This is coupled with an increase in oxygen uptake (Dehnel, 1960;King, 1965;Engel et al, 1975;Taylor, 1977;Guerin and Stickle, 1992;Jury et al, 1994), which is driven by an increased scaphognathite beat frequency (McGaw and McMahon, 1996;Dufort et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding and digestion in low salinity in an osmoconforming crab, Cancer gracilis I. Cardiovascular and respiratory responses

McGaw

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY The osmoregulatory physiology of decapod crustaceans has received extensive attention. Within this field there is a growing body of literature on cardiovascular and respiratory responses to low salinity. Most species exhibit a tachycardia coupled with an increase in ventilation rate and oxygen uptake. However, these previous experiments were conducted on animals that were starved prior to experimentation in order to avoid increases in metabolism associated with digestive processes. Because organisms are not necessarily starved prior to experiencing environmental perturbations, results from previous experiments may not represent natural physiological responses. The present study investigated how an osmoconforming decapod, the graceful crab Cancer gracilis, balanced the demands of physiological systems(prioritization or additivity of events) during feeding and digestion in a low salinity environment. Cancer gracilis exhibited a typical increase in oxygen uptake and less pronounced increases in cardiovascular variables (heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output) during feeding in 100% seawater. In 3-day starved crabs, exposure to 65% seawater resulted in a pronounced bradycardia,with a concomitant decrease in cardiac output and haemolymph flow rates and a temporary decrease in oxygen uptake. When crabs were exposed to low salinity,3 h and 24 h after food ingestion, heart rate increased slightly and cardiac output and ventilation rates remained stable. Although oxygen uptake decreased transiently, feeding levels were quickly regained. During a recovery phase in 100%SW there was an overshoot in parameters, suggesting repayment of an oxygen debt. Thus, it appears that feeding and digestion are prioritized in this species, allowing it to survive acute exposure to hyposaline water. Furthermore, the results show that the nutritional state of an animal is important in modulating its physiological responses to environmental perturbations. This underscores the importance of studying physiological responses at the whole organism level under conditions closely approximating those of the natural environment.

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“…Impedance techniques have been used successfully to record heart and scaphognathite activities in Carcinus maenas (Cumberlidge, 1977;Cumberlidge & Uglow, 1977a, b, 1978 and Crangon crangon (Dyer & Uglow, 1977, 1978a. An advantage of these techniques is that they allow organ activities to be monitored using non-invasive techniques and with minimal restriction of the normal repertoire of whole animal movements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac and ventilatory responses ofCrangon crangon to cadmium, copper and zinc

Price

Uglow

1980

Helgolander Meeresunters

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The acute (30 min) responses of heart and scaphognathite activities of Crangon crangon on exposure to concentrations of 1-20 mg Cd, Cu or Zn 1-1 are increased beat frequencies. The relative magnitude of response (A f) is linearly related to immediate pretreatment frequency (f) and standardised responses (Afs) are given for f values of 70 and 100 beats min -I for hearts and scaphognathites, respectively. Afs values for each organ are also linearly related to test concentration for each metal. Qualitative changes to organ activities described include an increased incidence of scaphognathite reversals in concentrations of 5.0 mg Cu 1-1 and in 20.0 mg Zn 1-1. Chronic (13 days) exposure to incipient lethal levels of the test metals produced increases in scaphognathite rates of the Cd-treated animals and in heart and scaphognathite rates of the coppertreated animals. The general applicability of these methods to studies of pollution stress in decapods is discussed.

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Heart and scaphognathite activity in the shore crab Carcinus maenas (L.)

Cited by 87 publications

References 26 publications

The cardiac response of the crabChasmagnathus granulatusas an index of sensory perception

The cardiac response of the crabChasmagnathus granulatusas an index of sensory perception

Feeding and digestion in low salinity in an osmoconforming crab, Cancer gracilis I. Cardiovascular and respiratory responses

Cardiac and ventilatory responses ofCrangon crangon to cadmium, copper and zinc

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