Hearing voices as a feature of typical and psychopathological experience

Abstract

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Impaired motor-to-sensory transformation mediates auditory hallucinations

“…Together with the impairment in CD that leads to less suppression and hence deficits in labeling the sources that induce neural responses, hallucinations about experiencing perceptual events would occur. That is, the combination of impairments on distinct functions between motor and sensory systems mediate the positive symptoms of auditory hallucination, which is consistent with the hypothesis of motor-to-sensory transformation as an origin of hallucinations Shergill et al, 2000;Stephan et al, 2009;Toh et al, 2022;Yang et al, 2019) -the impaired monitoring function misattributes the sources of internally motor-induced or other top-down induced neural representations (Bansal et al, 2022;Yang et al, 2021). The conceptual, anatomical, and functional distinct motor signals of CD and EC, instead of sole inhibitory function in the motor-to-sensory transformation, collaboratively contribute to the positive symptoms of auditory hallucinations.…”

Detecting anomalous experiences in the community: The Transpersonal Experiences Questionnaire (TEQ)

“…• The TEQ is a tool that can contribute to future research and understanding of what distinguishes clinical and non-clinical anomalous experiences, with implications for the targeting of interventions for clinical groups. Toh et al, 2022;van Os & Linscott, 2012;Van Os & Reininghaus, 2016). Although a full discussion of these models is beyond the scope of this paper, a key distinction is whether (a) the abnormal state is the reference point, with the continuity being construed as varying degrees of expression in clinical signs and symptoms, or (b) the presence of anomalous experiences is disconnected from pathological framing, with illness or health outcomes representing a separate dimension, as originally proposed by Claridge (1987).…”

“…Several reviews highlight key distinctions between different approaches to schizotypy (Grant et al, 2018 ; Kwapil & Barrantes‐Vidal, 2015 ) and to the psychosis continuum more generally, positing either fully, quasi or hybrid dimensional models (Baumeister et al, 2017 ; Kaymaz & van Os, 2010 ; Toh et al, 2022 ; van Os & Linscott, 2012 ; Van Os & Reininghaus, 2016 ). Although a full discussion of these models is beyond the scope of this paper, a key distinction is whether (a) the abnormal state is the reference point, with the continuity being construed as varying degrees of expression in clinical signs and symptoms, or (b) the presence of anomalous experiences is disconnected from pathological framing, with illness or health outcomes representing a separate dimension, as originally proposed by Claridge ( 1987 ).…”

The Mediating Role of Anxiety/Depression Between Auditory Verbal Hallucinations and the Level of Insight in Schizophrenia

“…Interestingly, patients who believed that voices originated in their own heads exhibited higher levels of insight than those who did not, suggesting that certain ways of experiencing AVH might influence the degree of insight [ 8 ]. Likewise, certain characteristics of AVHs, such as the physical nature, content, and emotional valence of the voices, influence insight [ 9 ]. Negative content, intimidating voices, and commanding AVHs are difficult to ignore and compel listeners to respond, undermining any attempts at resistance [ 10 ].…”