In addition to the risk of death, pneumococcal meningitis in children causes severe disabilities among survivors, as well as disruption of the life of other siblings and family members. This study demonstrated that high rates of sequelae are associated with pneumococcal meningitis. Neurodevelopmental assessment during follow-up of patients with meningitis is critical to our understanding of the burden of the adverse consequences of pneumococcal disease. These data, along with the fact of poor access to health care, provide a compelling argument in favor of the introduction of pneumococcal vaccine, specifically in a setting where access to health care is poor and disabled children remain incapacitated because of a lack of resources and facilities.