Healthy Lifestyle Intervention and Weight Loss Improve Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Children with Obesity

Genoni, Giulia; Menegon, Veronica; Monzani, Alice; Archero, Francesca; Tagliaferri, Francesco; Mancioppi, Valentina; Peri, Caterina; Bellone, Simonetta; Prodam, Flavia

doi:10.3390/nu13041301

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…An imbalanced diet, bad eating habits, and insufficient physical activity are the main causes of obesity. By accumulating a lot of fat around the heart, pericardium, and main vessels, long-term obesity, especially abdominal obesity, causes the heart to expand, increase load and resistance, affect the compliance of the heart muscle, and ultimately lead to structural changes [4]. Additionally, eating too many foods high in fat and cholesterol raises blood lipid levels, and hyperlipidemia can result in endothelial cell injury and localized detachment, lipid plaque formation, and smooth muscle cell proliferation, all of which combine to generate atheromatous plaques [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation between Cardiac Ultrasound Index and Cardiovascular Risk in Healthy Obese and Overweight Populations

Pan

Chen

Ren

et al. 2022

International Journal of Clinical Practice

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Objective. To investigate the correlation of obesity and overweight with cardiac ultrasound parameters and future cardiovascular risk among healthy populations. Methods. Basic clinical characteristics as well as cardiac ultrasound parameters were collected from healthy people. Firstly, all participants were divided into three groups: normal, overweight, and obese. Then the differences in cardiac ultrasound parameters between the three groups were calculated. Subsequently, those aged 35–60 years were screened to determine their cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE system. Finally, the correlation between cardiac ultrasound indices and cardiovascular risk was calculated. Results. A total of 1328 healthy participants were included, of whom 504 were normal, 580 were overweight and 244 were obese. Obesity and overweight significantly increased the aorta, left atrium, right atrium, right ventricle, the end-diastolic diameter of the left ventricle, main pulmonary artery, right ventricular outflow tract, interventricular septum, left ventricular posterior wall, and triglycerides and decreased E/A values and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Ejection fraction, fractional shortening, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and total cholesterol did not change between the three groups. A total of 781 participants were screened for SCORE scores. Obesity and being overweight significantly increased the incidence of future cardiovascular events, and lower E/A values were also associated with cardiovascular risk. All cardiac parameters were strongly associated with cardiovascular risk. Conclusion. Our research demonstrates that obesity and overweight can damage heart shape and function and raise the risk of future cardiovascular events in people that are healthy. Cardiovascular risk and cardiac structural and functional impairments are significantly positively correlated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e association between obesity or being overweight and cardiovascular disease has been established by numerous studies [3][4][5]. e relationship between obesity or being overweight and cardiovascular diseases needs to be further studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Cardiac Ultrasound Index and Cardiovascular Risk in Healthy Obese and Overweight Populations

Pan

Chen

Ren

et al. 2022

International Journal of Clinical Practice

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“…This rate of change can be explained as an early sign of a healthy or unhealthy response to the nutritional environment (20). During the growth period, infants need to gain weight at a relatively balanced rate to maintain a relatively stable position on the growth curve, and excessive weight gain and weight loss have been pointed out "relatively independent and more closely related to mortality than other malnutrition indicators (such as BMI for age)" (21). The consensus also pointed out that during the treatment of children, the weight may not change with the changes in body composition at the same time, so the BMI index may not be accurate enough as the only nutritional evaluation index, and the degree of malnutrition may also be underestimated for newborns and small-month-old infants at the first administration to hospitals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Effect of Bilateral Mandible Distraction Osteogenesis About the Nutrition Status of Infants With Pierre-Robin Sequence

et al. 2021

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Objective: By comparing and studying the changes of food intake, weight, body length, BMI, blood albumin level and other indicators of infants with Pierre-Robin Sequence (PRS) before and after Bilateral Mandible Distraction Osteogenesis operation, to explore the effect of distraction osteogenesis on PRS patients about the improvement of nutrition status.Methods: The children with PRS who admitted to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from July 2015 to December 2020 were selected. All patients accepted bilateral mandible distraction osteogenesis surgery, and the pre- and post-operative indicators were recorded, such as food intake, weight, length, blood albumin level and others. BMI was calculated based on the indicators mentioned above, and comparative statistical analysis was performed.Results: 1. All patients were fed with whole milk before the first surgery, and the average calorie per kg was 91.8 kcal/kg, significantly lower than the standard (100–150 kcal/kg), suggesting the overall nutritional intake of PRS patients is low; 2. t tests for independent samples were used to analyze the pre-operative and post-operative indicators. The WFA percentile increased from 14.16 ± 2.17 to 15.01 ± 1.85% (P = 0.0048), WFA z score increased from −2.40 ± 0.18 to −1.90 ± 0.14 after the surgery (P = 0.0010), LFA percentile increased from 20.04 ± 3.48 to 33.67 ± 4.29% (P = 0.0098), LFA z score increased from −2.09 ± 0.19 to −1.42 ± 0.23 (P = 0.0009), BMI z score increased from −1.95 ± 0.22 to −1.39 ± 0.16 (P = 0.0408), ALB raised from 37.06 ± 0.51 to 42.85 ± 0.30 g/L (P < 0.001), which indicating that the physique of patients improved after the distraction osteogenesis surgery, mainly was reflected by the lifting of weight and length growth curves; the body shape also improved, indicating that the patients' nutrition status after the surgery is also improved.Conclusion: Bilateral mandible distraction osteogenesis surgery has a positive effect on the nutrition status of children with PRS. This effect is mainly reflected by the improvements of the body physical indicators after surgery.

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“…From the OGTT, the indexes regarding insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity (QUICKI and Matsuda index, ISI) as well as the insulinogenic index were calculated. The formulas are reported in our previous papers (27,28).…”

Section: Biochemical Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calreticulin and PDIA3, two markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress, are associated with metabolic alterations and insulin resistance in pediatric obesity: A pilot study

et al. 2022

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Our aim was to evaluate the markers of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress among children and adolescents with obesity in relation to metabolic alterations. Calreticulin (CALR) and PDIA3 circulating levels were assessed on 52 pediatric subjects—26 patients with obesity and 26 normal weight controls (4–18 years)—enrolled in a pilot study. Clinical and metabolic evaluations were performed (BMI-SDS, insulin, and glucose at fasting and during an oral glucose tolerance test, lipid profile, blood pressure), and metabolic syndrome was detected. PDIA3 was higher (p < 0.02) and CALR slightly higher in children with obesity than in controls. PDIA3 was related positively to the Tanner stages. Both PDIA3 and CALR were positively associated with insulin resistance, cholesterol, and triglycerides and the number of criteria identifying metabolic syndrome and negatively with fasting and post-challenge insulin sensitivity. Our preliminary findings suggest the existence of a link between ER stress and metabolic changes behind obesity complications even at the pediatric age. CALR and PDIA3 could be early markers of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia-related ER stress useful to stratify patients at high risk of further complications.

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Healthy Lifestyle Intervention and Weight Loss Improve Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Children with Obesity

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Correlation between Cardiac Ultrasound Index and Cardiovascular Risk in Healthy Obese and Overweight Populations

Correlation between Cardiac Ultrasound Index and Cardiovascular Risk in Healthy Obese and Overweight Populations

Study on the Effect of Bilateral Mandible Distraction Osteogenesis About the Nutrition Status of Infants With Pierre-Robin Sequence

Calreticulin and PDIA3, two markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress, are associated with metabolic alterations and insulin resistance in pediatric obesity: A pilot study

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