Healthy Eating Index Diet Quality in Randomized Weight Loss Trials: A Systematic Review

Cheng, Jessica; Liang, Hai‐Wei; Klem, Mary Lou; Costacou, Tina; Burke, Lora E.

doi:10.1016/j.jand.2022.08.114

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…In our study, mean improvements in the intervention group from baseline ranged from about 2.5 to 3.8 points, depending on the time of measurement. Thus, the improvement in this study tended to be lower than in the analysis by Cheng and colleagues [ 29 ]. However, it should be noted that the values cannot be directly compared because the review includes only studies using the U.S. versions HEI-2005, HEI-2010, and HEI-2015.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…A recent systematic review demonstrated that weight loss interventions can improve diet quality as measured by a HEI [ 29 ]. Included studies covered in-person and mobile health interventions, which mostly resulted in an improvement between 4 to 7 points.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dietary quality indices such as the HEI are commonly used in cross-sectional and observational studies to examine associations between scores and various health outcomes or parameters. However, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of a dietary intervention, its use is also becoming increasingly important in intervention studies to assess the quality of nutrition over the course of an intervention [ 28 , 29 ]. While the association between diet quality indices and anthropometric or cardiometabolic variables has been well studied in cross-sectional studies [ 30 , 31 , 32 ] as well as the health outcomes in long-term cohort studies [ 1 ], the health-related effects of diet quality changes have been less well studied in comparatively short-term intervention studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the association between diet quality indices and anthropometric or cardiometabolic variables has been well studied in cross-sectional studies [ 30 , 31 , 32 ] as well as the health outcomes in long-term cohort studies [ 1 ], the health-related effects of diet quality changes have been less well studied in comparatively short-term intervention studies. Limited evidence suggests that behavioral weight loss interventions can improve diet quality [ 29 ]. Whether changes in a diet quality index are associated with changes in cardiometabolic, anthropometric or other dietary variables during an intervention is sparsely studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a Web-Based Weight Loss Program on the Healthy Eating Index-NVS in Adults with Overweight or Obesity and the Association with Dietary, Anthropometric and Cardiometabolic Variables: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

et al. 2022

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This randomized, controlled clinical trial examined the impact of a web-based weight loss intervention on diet quality. Furthermore, it was investigated whether corresponding changes in diet quality were associated with changes in measures of cardiovascular risk profile. Individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of 27.5 to 34.9 kg/m2 and an age of 18 to 65 y were assigned to either an interactive and fully automated web-based weight loss program focusing on dietary energy density (intervention) or a non-interactive web-based weight loss program (control). Examinations were performed at baseline (t0), after the 12-week web-based intervention (t1), and after an additional 6 (t2) and 12 months (t3). Based on a dietary record, the Healthy Eating Index-NVS (HEI-NVS) was calculated and analyzed using a robust linear mixed model. In addition, bootstrapped correlations were performed independently of study group to examine associations between change in HEI-NVS and change in dietary, anthropometric, and cardiometabolic variables. A total of n = 153 participants with a mean BMI of 30.71 kg/m2 (SD 2.13) and an average age of 48.92 y (SD 11.17) were included in the study. HEI-NVS improved significantly in the intervention group from baseline (t0) to t2 (p = 0.003) and to t3 (p = 0.037), whereby the course was significantly different up to t2 (p = 0.013) and not significantly different up to t3 (p = 0.054) compared to the control group. Independent of study group, there was a significant negative association between change in HEI-NVS and dietary energy density. A higher total score in HEI-NVS did not correlate with improvements in cardiovascular risk profile. The interactive and fully automated web-based weight loss program improved diet quality. Independent of study group, changes in HEI-NVS correlated with changes in energy density, but there was no association between improvements in HEI-NVS and improvements in cardiovascular risk profile.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of a Web-Based Weight Loss Program on the Healthy Eating Index-NVS in Adults with Overweight or Obesity and the Association with Dietary, Anthropometric and Cardiometabolic Variables: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

et al. 2022

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“…A scoping review of mobile-based interventions concluded there was inadequate examination of dietary behaviour change and its relationship to health outcomes (40) . Indeed, a systematic review of the use of the HEI in eighteen studies aimed at weight loss identified limitations in the assessment of diet (41) . A major strength of this study is that it is one of the few to explore this question rigorously by using multiple 24-h dietary recalls, which are less biased than food frequency questionnaires and appropriate calculation of the Healthy Eating Index.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an mHealth weight loss intervention on Healthy Eating Index diet quality: the SMARTER randomised controlled trial

et al. 2023

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Few weight loss studies have assessed diet quality. In those that have, improvements have been minimal and recommended calculation methods have not been used. This secondary analysis of a parallel group randomized trial assessed whether self-monitoring with feedback (SM+FB) versus self-monitoring alone (SM) improved diet quality. Adults with overweight/obesity (Randomized: SM n=251, SM+FB n=251; Analyzed SM n=170, SM+FB n=186) self-monitored diet, physical activity, and weight via Fitbit and a digital scale. Real-time, personalized feedback, delivered via a study-specific app up to 3 times daily, was based on reported energy, fat, and added sugar intake. Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) scores were calculated from 24-hour recalls. Higher scores represent better diet quality. Data were collected from August 2018 to March 2021 and analyzed in spring 2022. The sample was mostly female (78.9%) and white (85.4%). At baseline, HEI-2015 total scores and bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals were similar by treatment group (SM+FB: 63.11 [60.41, 65.24]; SM: 61.02 [58.72, 62.81]) with similar minimal improvement observed at 6 months (SM+FB: 65.42 [63.30, 67.20]; SM: 63.19 [61.22, 64.97]) and 12 months (SM+FB: 63.94 [61.40, 66.29]; SM: 63.56 [60.81, 65.42]). Among those who lost ≥5% of baseline weight, HEI-2015 scores improved (baseline: 62.00 [58.94, 64.12]; 6 months: 68.02 [65.41, 71.23]; 12 months: 65.93 [63.40, 68.61]). There was no effect of the intervention on weight loss or association with diet quality change. However, clinically meaningful weight loss was related to diet quality improvement. Feedback may need to incorporate more targeted nutritional content to improve diet quality. This study is registered at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03367936

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One Avocado per Day as Part of Usual Intake Improves Diet Quality: Exploratory Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial

Petersen,

Smith,

Lichtenstein

et al. 2024

Current Developments in Nutrition

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Healthy Eating Index Diet Quality in Randomized Weight Loss Trials: A Systematic Review

Cited by 8 publications

References 69 publications

Effects of a Web-Based Weight Loss Program on the Healthy Eating Index-NVS in Adults with Overweight or Obesity and the Association with Dietary, Anthropometric and Cardiometabolic Variables: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Effects of a Web-Based Weight Loss Program on the Healthy Eating Index-NVS in Adults with Overweight or Obesity and the Association with Dietary, Anthropometric and Cardiometabolic Variables: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Effect of an mHealth weight loss intervention on Healthy Eating Index diet quality: the SMARTER randomised controlled trial

One Avocado per Day as Part of Usual Intake Improves Diet Quality: Exploratory Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial

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