Healthcare Providers’ Accounts of Parental Influence on Their Behavior With Respect to the Use of Antibiotics for Children: A Qualitative Study in China

Zhang, Tingting; Graham, Hilary; White, Piran

doi:10.24966/cmph-1978/100036

Cited by 1 publication

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“…The independent and profit-driven nature of the retail pharmaceutical industry in China makes regulatory interventions more challenging than in the state owned and run hospitals. Unrestricted sales of antibiotics (over the counter, without prescription) have been an important source of income and profit for retail pharmacies [ 23 , 59 ]. Circumvention of the regulations is frequent, with retail pharmacies paying a small amount of money to “rent” a certificate from a licensed pharmacist not actually working in their pharmacy [ 60 ], a practice also found in Thailand [ 61 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Stewardship in Retail Pharmacies and the Access-Excess Challenge in China: A Policy Review

et al. 2022

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In China, efforts to restrict excessive antibiotic consumption may prevent sufficient access to these life-saving drugs among the most deprived in society because of the weak primary health care system. This makes antibiotic stewardship in the retail pharmacy sector a particular challenge. We conducted an analysis to examinate policies on antibiotic sales in retail pharmacies in China and how tensions between ‘excess’ and ‘access’ are managed. The analysis was guided by the Walt and Gilson health policy analysis triangle to systematically analyse policies based on the content of policies, contexts, governance processes, and actors. Nine research studies and 25 documents identified from national and international sources were extracted, grouped into categories, and examined within and across records and categories. As of 2020, eight key policies have been introduced in China that focus on two areas: dispending prescribed medicines or antimicrobials with a prescription and having a licensed pharmacist present in the retail pharmacies, with approaches having changed over time. Inappropriate sales of antibiotics are still common in retail pharmacies, which can be linked to the lack of consistency and enforcement of published policies, the profit-driven nature of retail pharmacies, and the displacement of the demand for antibiotics from clinical into less regulated settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%