Healthcare experience among patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross‐sectional survey using the IEXPAC tool

Abstract

Aim To assess the experience with health care among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and to evaluate patients’ demographic variables and healthcare‐related characteristics which may affect their experience. Methods A cross‐sectional survey was delivered to T2DM adults. Patient experiences were assessed with the ‘Instrument for Evaluation of the Experience of Chronic Patients’ (IEXPAC) questionnaire, a validated 12‐item survey, which describes patient experience within the last 6 months (items 1–11) and hospitalization in the last 3 years (item 12), with possible scores ranging from 0 (worst) to 10 (best experience). Results A total of 451 T2DM patients responded to the survey (response rate 72.3%; mean age 69.5 ± 10.1 years, 67.8% men). The mean overall IEXPAC score was 5.92 ± 1.80. Mean scores were higher for productive interactions (7.92 ± 2.15) and self‐management (7.08 ± 2.27) than for new relational model (1.72 ± 2.01). Only 32.8% of patients who had been hospitalized in the past 3 years reported having received a follow‐up call or visit after discharge. Multivariate analyses identified that regular follow‐up by the same physician and follow‐up by a nurse were associated with a better patient experience. Continuity of healthcare score was higher only in those patients requiring help from others. Conclusions The areas of T2DM care which may need to be addressed to ensure better patient experience are use of the Internet, new technologies and social resources for patient information and interaction with healthcare professionals, closer follow‐up after hospitalization, and a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach with regular follow‐up by the same physician and a nurse.

Effects of a Digital Patient Empowerment and Communication Tool on Metabolic Control in People With Type 2 Diabetes: The DeMpower Multicenter Ambispective Study

“…Finally, the experience of patients regarding the health care attention received, evaluated with the IEXPAC tool, showed that there was opportunity for improvement for both groups, without significant differences. Similar results have been previously obtained regarding the information that patients receive or can access [19,37].…”

“…The overall score of the 11 questions is calculated as their average score and ranges from 0 to 10. The additional question (item 12) is reported separately and ranges from 0 to 10 [ 19 , 37 ].…”

“…Questionnaires were used to evaluate study outcomes related to the degree of physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire [IPAQ]), patient adherence to treatment (Medication Adherence Report Scale [MARS-5]), satisfaction with the DeMpower app (Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire status [DTSQs] version), and experience with health care received (Instrumento de Evaluación de la eXperiencia del PAciente Crónico [IEXPAC]) [19,[34][35][36][37]. In this study, the short-form IPAQ was used, consisting of 4 generic domains with 7 questions in total for use in either interviews or self-administered methods [34].…”

Experience of Patients with Diabetes and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors with Health Professionals and Healthcare in Spain

“…These results also reinforce the importance of seeking a triple goal [23] in healthcare focused on improving the patient experience and population health (specially through the improvement of the relationship between health care professionals and patients) [24,25], reducing the per capita cost of human-centered care, optimizing resources and making the use of new technologies essential. A recent publication about the healthcare experience of Spanish patients with T2DM also highlights the importance of a good healthcare professional-patient relationship, based on emotional links and interpersonal trust, with regular follow-up by the same physician and involvement of nursing to improve diabetes management [26].…”

Evaluating IoT-Based Services to Support Patient Empowerment in Digital Home Hospitalization Services

“…After conducting a literature review, a total of 10 instruments were selected. For instance, IEXPAC [ 18 ] evaluates the chronic patient experience in terms of the use of technological solutions, educational empowerment, and self-management, which is useful to evaluate the acquisition of skills of admitted patients and the trust of selected devices; PES-Q [ 16 ] evaluates patients’ empowerment and acceptance of the solution; SUS [ 19 ] is traditionally used to evaluate the usability of digital systems. These were examined with 10 professionals during a discussion session.…”