Health visitors' knowledge, attitudes and practices in childhood accident prevention

Marsh, Patricia; Kendrick, Denise; Williams, E. I.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubmed.a043092

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Given the widespread use of health workers in several health-related areas (including infectious and chronic diseases) in many countries [25,26,27,28], this study suggests a tremendous potential for the impact of using trained HWs for the dissemination of injury prevention information in LMIC settings. Incorporating injury prevention into the topic areas covered by community health workers has been suggested in a few contexts previously [29,30]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminating Childhood Home Injury Risk Reduction Information in Pakistan: Results from a Community-Based Pilot Study

Chandran

Khan

Zia

et al. 2013

IJERPH

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Background: Most childhood unintentional injuries occur in the home; however, very little home injury prevention information is tailored to developing countries. Utilizing our previously developed information dissemination tools and a hazard assessment checklist tailored to a low-income neighborhood in Pakistan, we pilot tested and compared the effectiveness of two dissemination tools. Methods: Two low-income neighborhoods were mapped, identifying families with a child aged between 12 and 59 months. In June and July 2010, all enrolled households underwent a home hazard assessment at the same time hazard reduction education was being given using an in-home tutorial or a pamphlet. A follow up assessment was conducted 4–5 months later. Results: 503 households were enrolled; 256 received a tutorial and 247 a pamphlet. The two groups differed significantly (p < 0.01) in level of maternal education and relationship of the child to the primary caregiver. However, when controlling for these variables, those receiving an in-home tutorial had a higher odds of hazard reduction than the pamphlet group for uncovered vats of water (OR 2.14, 95% CI: 1.28, 3.58), an open fire within reach of the child (OR 3.55, 95% CI: 1.80, 7.00), and inappropriately labeled cooking fuel containers (OR 1.86, 95% CI: 1.07, 3.25). Conclusions: This pilot project demonstrates the potential utility of using home-visit tutorials to decrease home hazards in a low-income neighborhood in Pakistan. A longer-term randomized study is needed to assess actual effectiveness of the use of allied health workers for home-based injury education and whether this results in decreased home injuries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminating Childhood Home Injury Risk Reduction Information in Pakistan: Results from a Community-Based Pilot Study

Chandran

Khan

Zia

et al. 2013

IJERPH

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“…Extra information and advice about safety guidelines and current preventive strategies such as the importance of adequate immunisation, adult supervision of children while swimming, child restraints in motor vehicles, and fire detectors should be given to all at risk groups. In the UK, the importance of the role of the health visitor in preventing childhood accidents has long been recognised,43 and a similar scheme might be an appropriate way to deliver such information and services to these groups. For the Indigenous population, such programmes would have to be closely linked with community development processes and need to be conducted and staffed from within the communities as far as possible 24…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cumulative mortality in children aged 1 to 6 years born in Western Australia from 1980-89 Commentary

Alessandri

Chambers

Garfield

et al. 1999

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Purpose-To investigate cumulative mortality for children aged 1-6 years born in Western Australia from 1980 to 1989. Study design-Births and deaths were ascertained from a linked total population database supplemented by information from postmortem records. Deaths were classified according to the underlying cause, and mortality rates, including factor specific rates, were calculated. Trends were investigated and comparisons were made using relative risks with 95% confidence intervals. Results-Cumulative mortality was 2.2/ 1000 infant survivors, with a significant decrease during the years studied. Mortality was almost four times higher for Indigenous children, with no decrease. Accidents comprised 45.6% of all deaths, birth defects 17.3%, cancer and leukaemias 12.5%, and infections 11.0%. Low birth weight, preterm birth, and young maternal age significantly increased the risk of death in both Indigenous and nonIndigenous children; single marital status was also a significant risk factor for non-Indigenous children. Conclusion-High quality data and appropriate classification systems are essential to enable eVective monitoring of childhood deaths and the planning of preventive programmes. Further decreases in mortality rates might be dependent on ensuring that resources are directed towards improving social and economic conditions for Indigenous and other disadvantaged families.

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“…We chose this as the primary outcome rather than repeat injury attendances as only 1 in 36 children in Nottingham attend A&E more than once a year, so the sample size required to show a significant reduction in repeat attendances would be extremely large. The sample size calculation indicated that 174 attenders in each of the four treatment groups would allow detection of a relative risk of 2.0 with 90% power at the 5% significance level, based on an estimated post accident home visit rate of 15%6 8 9 in the selected injuries notified and standard information provided group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomised controlled trial assessing the impact of increasing information to health visitors about children's injuries

Kendrick

Pritchard²,

Cloke³

et al. 2001

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Aims-To assess the eVect on health visitor action of providing community health visitors with information on all injury attendances in children under 5 attending an accident and emergency (A&E) department and of providing additional information about each injury. Methods-Children under 5 years attending the A&E department at Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham between October 1998 and April 1999 were studied, using a randomised controlled trial with a 2×2 factorial design. All attendances or selected attendances (all children under 1, burns and scalds, poisonings, head injuries, and repeat attendances in preceding six months) were notified. Provision of standard (diagnosis, circumstances surrounding injury, and disposal) or additional information (standard information plus place of injury, number of A&E attendances for injury in previous year, and any information recorded about safety equipment) was noted. Results-Many notifications (56%) do not result in any action. Health visitors were nearly twice as likely to take action of some kind and three times as likely to undertake a home visit on receipt of notifications for selected attendances than on those for all attendances. A greater number of actions per notification were taken on receipt of information about selected attendances. Providing additional information had little eVect on the action taken. Conclusions-A selective policy for notifying community health visitors of child injury attendances at A&E results in a greater proportion of attendances in which the health visitor takes action and in a greater number of actions per attendance being taken. The utility of notifying all injury attendances is questionable, as many do not result in any action. (Arch Dis Child 2001;85:366-370) Keywords: health visitor; injury; A&E Unintentional injuries are common and result in one in five children attending an accident and emergency (A&E) department each year. 1In 1994 more than 400 liaison health visitors or nurses were in post in the UK.2 One of their responsibilities is to notify community health visitors about children who have attended A&E departments as a result of an unintentional injury, in order that the community health visitor can fulfil their role in terms of injury prevention.2 3 It has been recommended that all children attending the A&E department should be notified to community health visitors, 3 4 but this is not routine practice in all A&E departments. We have been unable to find any evidence suggesting that notifying all attendances produces better outcomes than notifying selected attendances.The information provided within the notification varies between A&E departments 2 and has been found to be inadequate, mainly in terms of insuYcient information on the circumstances surrounding the injury and previous injury attendances. Previous work suggests that knowledge of how the injury happened, severity of the injury, and occurrence of previous injuries is important for health visitors in deciding what action to take on receipt of a notificati...

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Health visitors' knowledge, attitudes and practices in childhood accident prevention

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Disseminating Childhood Home Injury Risk Reduction Information in Pakistan: Results from a Community-Based Pilot Study

Disseminating Childhood Home Injury Risk Reduction Information in Pakistan: Results from a Community-Based Pilot Study

Cumulative mortality in children aged 1 to 6 years born in Western Australia from 1980-89 Commentary

Randomised controlled trial assessing the impact of increasing information to health visitors about children's injuries

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