HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH METHODS IN PHARMACY: Evaluation of pharmaceutical services: (2) Methods and measures

Smith, Felicity

doi:10.1111/j.2042-7174.2000.tb00987.x

Cited by 19 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…[ 30 ] The interaction taking place within groups, which is considered to be the hallmark of focus groups as a method,[ 31 ] was specifically sought to help unveil concerns and priorities that may explain behaviour patterns. [ 27 ] Due to slow recruitment among pregnant women, a solely strategic sampling was hindered, but the sample still turned out to be quite diverse. Though the women were in general highly educated, the age and parity varied among the participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All focus-group discussions were conducted according to an interview guide to facilitate open discussion on pre-identified themes. [ 27 ] Separate interview guides were developed specifically for the pregnant women and the GPs. However, divergences from the interview guides occurred to facilitate a natural conversation in the group.…”

Section: Design Material and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nausea in pregnancy: attitudes among pregnant women and general practitioners on treatment and pregnancy care

Heitmann

Svendsen

Sporsheim

et al. 2016

Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care

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ObjectiveNausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) is very common, and may have great impact on a woman’s life. The aim of this study was to explore thoughts and attitudes among Norwegian pregnant women and GPs on treatment of NVP and pregnancy care.DesignFocus-group study.Setting and subjectsSeparate focus-group discussions were conducted with pregnant women and GPs.ResultsTwo focus-group discussions were conducted with pregnant women and two with GPs. The GPs thought it was important to normalize NVP symptoms. However, the women felt their distress due to NVP was trivialized by the GPs. The women were sceptical towards the use of medicines while pregnant, and avoidance was sought despite being ill. The GPs appeared uncertain with respect to medical treatment of NVP, which was stated to be considered only after progression to quite severe symptoms. Sick leave seemed to be an important part of the treatment regime applied by the GPs. The women had good experiences with graded sick leave.ConclusionThis Norwegian study identifies attitudes among GPs and pregnant women that may act as obstacles to appropriate care for women with NVP. The pregnant women and the GPs seemed to talk at cross-purposes; GPs’ normalization of the symptoms made the women feel that their distress due to NVP was trivialized by the GPs. Our results indicate that pregnant women with NVP requiring medical treatment probably need comprehensive and reassuring information about treatment options before considering using any medicines. Key pointsNausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) is very common, and considered to be of clinical significance for 35% of women. While the GPs agreed on the importance of normalizing the symptoms, the women felt their distress was trivialized, and missed being properly evaluated.Both the GPs and the women showed a reluctant attitude to medical treatment of NVP.The GPs gave the impression of considering medical treatment only after progression of symptoms to becoming quite severe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Design Material and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nausea in pregnancy: attitudes among pregnant women and general practitioners on treatment and pregnancy care

Heitmann

Svendsen

Sporsheim

et al. 2016

Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care

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“…As our primary objective was to understand medication adherence from the patients’ perspective, we adopted this methodological approach, which allows a flexible exploration of respondents’ experience and attitudes [17, 18]. The BIHS hospital is affiliated with the Diabetes Association of Bangladesh (DAB)—the prime agency providing comprehensive diabetes care throughout the country using specialized clinics and hospitals [19].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients’ perspective of disease and medication adherence for type 2 diabetes in an urban area in Bangladesh: a qualitative study

et al. 2017

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Background Patients’ perspective of diabetes and adherence to its prescribed medications is a significant predictor of glycemic control and overall management of the disease. However, there is a paucity of such information in Bangladesh. This study aimed to explore patients’ perspective of diabetes, their experience of taking oral hypoglycemic medications and explore factors that contribute to medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes in Bangladesh.Methods We conducted in-depth face-to-face interviews with 12 type 2 diabetes patients attending a tertiary hospital in Dhaka city between February and March, 2014. Participants were purposively sampled representing different age groups, education levels, years since diagnosis with diabetes, and glycemic status, to achieve maximum variation sampling. All interviews were conducted using a topic guide and were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, checked for errors, coded and analyzed by means of a qualitative content analysis framework.ResultsThe data analysis generated rich information on the participants’ knowledge and perception on diabetes, its causes, self-management, medication use, adverse effects of medication use, medication adherence, and impact of diabetes, Although most of the participants demonstrated substantive knowledge on diabetes and its consequences, they also reported numerous misconceptions about the disease. Knowledge on diabetes medication, their appropriate use and side effects was rather poor. Respondents also reported non-compliance to dietary and physical activity advice by their physicians and concerns on diabetes diabetes-induced psychological stress. High cost of medications, concerns over medication side effects and forgetfulness was noted as factors for non-adherence to medication.ConclusionParticipants’ knowledge and perception on diabetes are key factors determining their adherence to medications and, thereby, diabetes management. Healthcare providers should explore to better understand patients’ perspective on diabetes, medication beliefs, identify psychological stress and provide more effective health education interventions to enhance medication adherence.

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“…We validated the risk factors collected from the literature search and the NGT by using the Delphi technique. 16 Before integrating the risk factors in the questionnaire, we condensed them by using the following exclusion criteria: The risk factor is mentioned in only one of the relevant publications. The risk factor set in the lowermost quartile of our NGTs ranking list is not mentioned anywhere else.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of risk factors for drug-related problems: a multidisciplinary triangulation process

et al. 2015

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Introduction and objectivesDrug-related problems (DRPs) constitute a frequent safety issue among hospitalised patients leading to patient harm and increased healthcare costs. Because many DRPs are preventable, the specific risk factors that facilitate their occurrence are of considerable interest. The objective of our study was to assess risk factors for the occurrence of DRPs with the intention to identify patients at risk for DRPs to guide and target preventive measures where they are needed most in patients.DesignTriangulation process using a mixed methods approach.MethodsWe conducted an expert panel, using the nominal group technique (NGT) and a qualitative analysis, to gather risk factors for DRPs. The expert panel consisted of two consultant hospital physicians (internal medicine and geriatrics), one emergency physician, one independent general practitioner, one clinical pharmacologist, one clinical pharmacist, one registered nurse, one home care nurse and two independent community pharmacists. The literature was searched for additional risk factors. Gathered factors from the literature search and the NGT were assembled and validated in a two-round Delphi questionnaire.ResultsThe NGT resulted in the identification of 33 items with 13 additional risk factors from the qualitative analysis of the discussion. The literature search delivered another 39 risk factors. The 85 risk factors were refined to produce 42 statements for the Delphi online questionnaire. Of these, 27 risk factors were judged to be ‘important’ or ‘rather important’.ConclusionsThe gathered risk factors may help to characterise and identify patients at risk for DRPs and may enable clinical pharmacists to guide and target preventive measures in order to limit the occurrence of DRPs. As a further step, these risk factors will serve as the basis for a screening tool to identify patients at risk for DRPs.

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HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH METHODS IN PHARMACY: Evaluation of pharmaceutical services: (2) Methods and measures

Cited by 19 publications

References 71 publications

Nausea in pregnancy: attitudes among pregnant women and general practitioners on treatment and pregnancy care

Nausea in pregnancy: attitudes among pregnant women and general practitioners on treatment and pregnancy care

Patients’ perspective of disease and medication adherence for type 2 diabetes in an urban area in Bangladesh: a qualitative study

Determination of risk factors for drug-related problems: a multidisciplinary triangulation process

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