Health risk assessment in urban parks soils contaminated by metals, Rio Grande city (Brazil) case study

Penteado, Júlia Oliveira; Brum, Rodrigo de Lima; Ramires, Paula Florêncio; Garcia, Edariane Menestrino; Santos, Marina dos; Júnior, Flávio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111737

Cited by 37 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In the present work, accidental ingestion of soil particles has been prioritised as the most relevant route of exposure, considering the tendency of children to play in contact with the soil and to place objects and their hands in their mouths. Several studies have shown that ingestion is the route that contributes the most to the estimation of risk in a recreational setting, while the influence of dust inhalation and dermal contact can be considered insignificant (De Miguel et al 2012Dudka and Miller 1999;Han et al 2020;Izquierdo-Díaz et al 2015;Penteado et al 2021). The dose received through soil intake (Is) is mathematically calculated with the following expression:…”

Section: Study Area and Definition Of The Risk Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure Factors vs. Bioaccessibility in the Soil-and-Dust Ingestion Pathway: A Comparative Assessment of Uncertainties Using MC2D Simulations in an Arsenic Exposure Scenario

et al. 2023

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Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) is a widely applied method to make decisions about the environmental status of sites affected by toxic substances. Its conclusions are affected by the variability and uncertainty of the input variables in the HHRA model. The aim of this work is to apply an algorithm based on 2D Monte Carlo simulations to integrate the variability and uncertainty of exposure factors, concentration, and bioaccessibility, reported by various information sources, to assess and compare their influence on the risk outcome. The method is applied to a specific case study of exposure of children to arsenic from accidental soil ingestion in a residential setting in the city of Madrid (Spain) by combining information from 12 studies. The consideration of the variability and uncertainty of the exposure parameters in the Baseline Risk Assessment (BRA, deterministic) resulted in a greater reduction in the numerical value of risk estimations than that produced by considering only the bioaccessibility factor. The results of the Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) showed that the risk distribution was more sensitive to the variabilities of the accidental soil intake rate and the total arsenic concentration than to other variables such as bioaccessibility. In this case study, the uncertainty introduced by using the "default" reasonable maximum exposure factors in the HHRA model and the variability of the concentration term produce overestimates of risk that are at least in the range of those produced by omitting the bioaccessibility term. Thus, the inclusion of bioaccessibility is, alone, insufficient to improve the HHRA since the selection of the exposure factors can significantly affect the estimates of risk for the soil ingestion pathway. In other sites or for other contaminants, however, the role of the uncertainties associated with the bioaccesible fraction could be more pronounced. The method applied in this work may be useful in updating exposure factors to reduce uncertainties in HHRAs.

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Section: Study Area and Definition Of The Risk Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure Factors vs. Bioaccessibility in the Soil-and-Dust Ingestion Pathway: A Comparative Assessment of Uncertainties Using MC2D Simulations in an Arsenic Exposure Scenario

et al. 2023

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“…The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https: //www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/toxics11070574/s1, Table S1: Pollution grade of heavy metal accumulation index; Table S2: Soil pollution risk screening value of agricultural land; Table S3: Graded evaluation of heavy metal pollution index; Table S4: Toxicity Correspondence Coefficient of Required Heavy Metal; Table S5: Hierarchical evaluation of potential ecological risks of heavy metals; Table S6: Related guideline values of heavy metal concentration (mg/kg); Table S7: Definition and reference of some parameters for health risk assessment of heavy metal in soils; Table S8: Reference dose (RfD, mg/(kg d)) and slope factor (SF, (kg d)/mg) of toxic elements for health risk assessment. ; Table S9: The hazard index of PTEs in the soil around Chengchao Iron Mine; Table S10: The hazard index of PTEs in the soil around ancient copper mine; [51][52][53][54][55][56][57] are cited in the Supplementary Materials.…”

Section: Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements Pollution and Human Health Risks in Polluted Farmland Soils around Distinct Mining Areas in China—A Case Study of Chengchao and Tonglushan

Leng

Ren

Wang

et al. 2023

Toxics

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This research study investigates the extent of heavy metal pollution and pollution trends in agricultural soil in mining areas during different time periods. A total of 125 soil samples were collected from two mining areas in China, the Chengchao iron mine and Tonglushan ancient copper mine. The samples were analyzed for various potentially toxic elements (PTEs). The index of geoaccumulation (Igeo), pollution index (Pi), potential ecological risk index (Eri), and hazard index (HI) were calculated to evaluate the pollution status of PTEs in the farmland around the two mining areas. The sources of PTEs were inferred by pollution distribution, and the pollution conditions of the two mining areas were compared. The results showed that the pollution of ancient copper mines was relatively severe. The main pollution elements were Cu, Cd, and As, and their average Pi values were 3.76, 4.12, and 1.84, respectively. These PTEs mainly came from mining and transportation. There are no particularly polluted elements in the Chengchao iron mine and the average Pi of all PTEs were classified as light pollution and had a wide range of sources. The findings suggest that the ancient copper mine, due to outdated mining techniques and insufficient mine restoration efforts, resulted in the spread and accumulation of PTEs in the soil over an extended period, making the farmland soil around the ancient copper mine more polluted compared to the Chengchao iron mine. In the two mining areas, there is no risk of cancer for adults and children. However, the RI values of Cr in adults and children are higher than 10−4, which indicates that the carcinogenic risk of Cr in these soils is very high. The non-carcinogenic effects of PTEs on the human body in the soil of ancient copper mine are also higher than that of the Chengchao iron mine.

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“…Unfortunately, many nations lack their own national health risk assessment procedures and most of the studies conducted to date have instead relied heavily on the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) model and parameters [16]. Many studies have effectively assessed the human health risk posed by HMs in polluted soils using the USEPA approach, including those conducted in Poland [17], China [18], Chad, Africa [19], India [20], Turkey [21] and Brazil [22]. In addition, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of pollution status can also be assessed in great detail when these data are integrated with geographic information system technology (GIS) [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment and Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals with an Emphasis on Antimony (Sb) in Urban Soil in Bojnourd, Iran

et al. 2023

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Recently, one of the major environmental issues is the pollution of soil with Antimony (Sb), which is ecologically detrimental and potentially carcinogenic to humans. In developing countries such as Iran, Sb concentrations in soils have not yet been accurately determined. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the levels of Sb and the other HMs (Pb, Cd, As, Ni, Hg and Cr) in the surface soils of Bojnourd, Iran, as well as their distribution and potential risks to the environment and human health. A total of 37 soil samples (0–20 cm) were taken from different sampling stations: 900 × 900 m regular grid for traffic areas (TA), residential areas (RA) and suburb areas (SA). The contamination factor (CF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) are two indices that were used to reflect the potential ecological risk from HMs. Geographic information system (GIS), Spearman correlation matrix and health risk indexes were utilized to investigate the source and potential hazard of HMs. The results showed that the average concentration of HMs in TA was highly enriched compared to other areas. Most soil samples were identified to have low levels of Sb and Ni pollution, while having moderate to high levels of Pb, Cr, As, Hg and Cd pollution, as determined by the pollution indices (Igeo and CF). Geostatistical analysis and GIS mapping of the spatial distribution of HM concentrations showed that there have been similar patterns of spatial distribution for Cd, Cr, Ni and Sb and their hot spots were in the southeast, west and center of the city. Neither the hazard quotient (HQ) nor the hazard index (HI) of the examined HMs indicated any non-carcinogenic risk to adults or children. However, carcinogenic risk assessment revealed that cancer risk was raised from Cr and Cd contents for children, while these elements showed an acceptable risk for adults. Furthermore, children’s carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic values were greater than adults’, indicating more potential health hazards associated with these HMs. Therefore, assessing the risk posed by HM pollution in urban surface soil is vital and urgent for children. A more detailed investigation is also required to identify the spatial distribution of soil pollution in areas recognized as enriched in Sb. A proper assessment of the environmental risk and the corresponding risk to humans from HM in a study area can be critical to developing an appropriate remediation method.

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Health risk assessment in urban parks soils contaminated by metals, Rio Grande city (Brazil) case study

Cited by 37 publications

References 43 publications

Exposure Factors vs. Bioaccessibility in the Soil-and-Dust Ingestion Pathway: A Comparative Assessment of Uncertainties Using MC2D Simulations in an Arsenic Exposure Scenario

Exposure Factors vs. Bioaccessibility in the Soil-and-Dust Ingestion Pathway: A Comparative Assessment of Uncertainties Using MC2D Simulations in an Arsenic Exposure Scenario

Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements Pollution and Human Health Risks in Polluted Farmland Soils around Distinct Mining Areas in China—A Case Study of Chengchao and Tonglushan

Risk Assessment and Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals with an Emphasis on Antimony (Sb) in Urban Soil in Bojnourd, Iran

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