Health risk assessment for selected heavy metals in Telfairia occidentalis (fluted pumpkin) leaf retailed in markets within Lokoja metropolis

Ojiego, B.O.; Ogu, G.I; Dantanko, F.; Okolo, J.C.; Audu, K.E.

doi:10.21608/svuijas.2022.154693.1225

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The major sources of the heavy metals at dumpsite soils were linked to waste materials from metallic manufacturing, welding fabrications, and chemical/agricultural fertilizers (Kormoker et al, 2019;Mmaduakor et al, 2020). Non-biodegradability of these heavy metals makes them to persist and remain for years in soil, water, plants and even bio-accumulate along food chains, thereby posing serious health concerns to exposed humans and ecosystem (Ojiego et al, 2022c). Thus, some of these promising metal-resistant bacterial isolates in this study could be considered for remediation of Ni, Pb and Cr at the dumpsites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metal Tolerance of Bacterial Isolates from Solid Waste Dumping Sites in Abuja, Nigeria

Ojiego¹,

Madu²,

Ilo³

et al. 2023

Int. J. Environ.

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Bacteria have special bio-mechanism to resist toxic heavy metals. This study investigated heavy metal tolerance potentials of bacterial isolates from solid waste dumping sites (Abaji, Bwari, Gosa, Gwagwalada, Kuje, and Kwali) in Abuja, Nigeria. Soil samples were randomly collected from each location using soil augers at depths of 0 – 15, 15 – 35 and 35 – 45 cm. They were analyzed bacteriologically using cultural/biochemical techniques and chemically by exposing the isolates to graded concentrations (50 - 400 μg/mL) of chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) on nutrient agar for heavy metal tolerance test. Statistical analysis revealed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the heterotrophic bacterial count with soil depth; with the highest counts (6.89 × 109 CFU/g) noted at 0 – 15 cm (Gosa) and lowest (1.32 × 103 CFU/g) found at 30 – 45 cm (Kuje). The isolated bacteria (n=54) were Proteus (33.3 %), Providencia (29.6 %), Pseudomonas (16.6 %), Bacillus (9.3 %), Micrococcus (5.5 %), Escherichia coli (2.1 %), Enterobacter (2.1 %), and Serratia (2.1 %). All these isolates except Micrococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli and Serratia spp. displayed 100 % resistance to Cr, Ni and Pb at ≥ 200 μg/mL with MICs (μg/mL) being 850 – 1700 (Pseudomonas – Proteus spp.), 950 – 2250 (Pseudomonas – Bacillus spp.) and 900 – 1750 (Pseudomonas – Bacillus spp.), respectively. Majority of these bacteria (24.1 - 38.9 %) were from Gosa and Gwagwalada dumping sites. Our findings suggested these bacteria could be promising for remediation of the heavy metals in the sites.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metal Tolerance of Bacterial Isolates from Solid Waste Dumping Sites in Abuja, Nigeria

Ojiego¹,

Madu²,

Ilo³

et al. 2023

Int. J. Environ.

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“…Where Cm signifies the concentration (mgkg -1 ) of trace metal in the studied vegetables, Cf is the Conversion factor from fresh to dry weight which is 0.085, Dv indicates the daily intake of vegetable (65 g/kg) while, Bwt shows the average body weight in kg per individual (65 kg) (Ojiego et al, 2022).…”

Section: Daily Intake Rate (Dim)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between traffic density, metal accumulation, pollution status, and human health problems in adjoining soils and vegetables within the South-South Region of Nigeria

Ebong¹,

Etuk²,

Anweting³

et al. 2023

IJEAB

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Road transport is associated with the elevation of trace metals in the adjoining soils and vegetables and rate of metal accumulation on these media is directly related to the traffic density. This research investigated the association between traffic density, metal accumulation, pollution status, and human health problems in adjoining soils and vegetables within the southern Region of Nigeria. Top soils and vegetables (Vernonia amygdalina and Jatropha tanjorensis) were obtained from roadsides along roads with high traffic density namely: Abak, Aka, Ikot Ekpene, Nwanaiba, and Oron. Top soils and vegetables were also obtained from roadside along a road with low traffic density (Ekpri Nsukara) and used as the Controls. These samples and their Controls obtained within Uyo Metropolis using standard procedures were subjected to acceptable analytical treatments and determined the levels of Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn using Spectroscopic methods. Results obtained revealed that, the mean concentrations of these metals in studied soils and vegetables were within their acceptable limits by FAO/WHO. However, higher mean concentrations of these metals were obtained in soils and vegetables from roads with high traffic density than in the Control. Higher mean levels of all the metals were recorded in J. tanjorensis than in V. amygdalina. The contamination factor of the metals in soil varied between moderate and very high contamination classes. The ecological risk factor of the metals ranged from low to the very high risk classes for the respective metals. Potential ecological risk factor revealed very high risks for the metals determined. Higher transfer factors were obtained for J. tanjorensis than V. amygdalina, though below one. Principal component analysis identified one key factor for the accumulation of these metals in the studied soils and vegetables. The metals were within their oral reference doses but, Cd and Pb were above their recommended daily intake limit. The consumption of V. amygdalina and J. tanjorensis exposed the consumers to risks associated with high Cd and Pb, respectively though; the consumers of J. tanjorensis were generally more susceptible to more non-cancer risks. The potential cancer risks associated with the trace metals via the consumption of the studied vegetables varied between the low and moderate cancer risk classes. However, the target cancer risk values obtained for the metals were higher than the threshold risk limit for ILCR < 1 × 10−4 .by USEPA. The total cancer risk revealed that, Cd and Cu were the major carcinogens in the studied vegetables while, the consumers of V. amygdalina have a higher risk of developing cancer than J. Tanjorensis. The study has shown the relationship between road transport and traffic density on the accumulation of metals in soil and vegetables. Health risks associated with the exposure to metals via the consumption of the studied vegetables has also been exposed.

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“…However, little attention is given to the potential dangers posed by microbial contaminants. Despite the nutritional benefits, poor handling practices during processing, exposure to dust and flies and inappropriate storage conditions contribute to the accumulation of fungi in locust beans, further compromising their quality and safety (Ojiego et al, 2022). Fungi, such as Aspergillus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MYCOFLORA OF FERMENTED LOCUST BEANS (Parkia biglobosa) SEED, “IRU” SOLD IN LOKOJA MARKETS, KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

Okolo,

Simon,

Eze

2023

FJS

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Fermented locust beans are a popular nutritious food seasoning that are prone to microbial contamination due to unhygienic handling and improper storage. This research aimed to evaluate the mycological quality of locust beans sold in Lokoja markets, Kogi State, Nigeria. Thirty (30) samples of locust beans were collected from five different markets in Lokoja, analyzed for inherent fungi which were identified using standard mycological techniques. The results indicated variations in the mean fungal loads across the sampled markets. Old market had the highest mean fungal load (4.33 × 105 CFU/g), followed by Adankolo market (3.67 × 105 CFU/g) and Kpata market (3.0 × 105 CFU/g) while Lokongoma market had the lowest mean fungal load (2.0 × 105 CFU/g). The mean fungal load of the fermented locust beans from Old market was significantly different (p>0.05). A total of 55 fungal isolates that include: Aspergillus niger (29.1 %), Rhizopus arrhizus (25.5 %), Fusarium cladosporium (18.2 %), Fusarium cummunis (12.7 %), Aspergillus nudilans (9.1%), Aspergillus tamari (7.3 %) and Aspergillus terreus (1.8%) were obtained from the samples. Aspergillus niger, F. communis, F. clamadosporium and R. arrhizus were present in all the sampled markets, suggesting they are the predominant fermenter of locust beans. The presence of mycotoxigenic fungi in the locust beans seeds poses a significant public health risk. Therefore, it is important to ensure that locust beans are processed and stored under hygienic conditions at all times to safeguard consumer health.

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Health risk assessment for selected heavy metals in Telfairia occidentalis (fluted pumpkin) leaf retailed in markets within Lokoja metropolis

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Heavy Metal Tolerance of Bacterial Isolates from Solid Waste Dumping Sites in Abuja, Nigeria

Heavy Metal Tolerance of Bacterial Isolates from Solid Waste Dumping Sites in Abuja, Nigeria

Relationship between traffic density, metal accumulation, pollution status, and human health problems in adjoining soils and vegetables within the South-South Region of Nigeria

MYCOFLORA OF FERMENTED LOCUST BEANS (Parkia biglobosa) SEED, “IRU” SOLD IN LOKOJA MARKETS, KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

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