Health risk assessment for arsenic contaminated soil

Murphy, Brian L.; Toole, Amy P.; Bergstrom, Paul D.

doi:10.1007/bf01758667

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…A study by Murphy et al (1989) indicated that the indoor risk of inhalation and ingestion is larger than outdoor risk for both mining and smelting communities. Risk must rather be inferred from studies of occupational exposure and the exposure of smelting and mining communities.…”

Section: Inhalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The nature and significance of public exposure to arsenic: a review of its relevance to South West England

Mitchell

Barre

1995

Environ Geochem Health

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In South West England, more than two hundred years of intensive exploitation of metalliferous ore deposits, combined with the natural processes of pedogenesis from mineral-rich parent rocks, has resulted in the creation of a aignificant area of arsenic-contaminated wastes and soils. The scale of arsenic dispersion by natural and anthropogenic processes is such that 722 km(2) of land contains concentrations of arsenic in excess of 110 μg g(-1), more than twice the maximum that might be expected in a normal soil.The general rationale for the clean-up of derelict and contaminated mining sites often includes aesthetic factors and the desirability of preventing the dispersion of contaminants beyond the site boundaries. Only in extreme cases is public health directly invoked as justification for remediation. In South West England, if arsenic constitutes a genuine threat to the public, an increased rate of site remediation would be justified. The primary purpose of this review is to establish whether or not widespread arsenic contamination (principally of soils) has any measurable effects on public health in South West England, and how this might affect current contaminated site remediation policy. The review is based on data from previous research in the region, and other relevant international studies of mining and smelting communities, and other populations exposed to elevated arsenic concentrations. The literature reviewed also includes the determination of the extent and sources of contamination, and pathways between source and man.While the contamination of potable waters in some countries has led to measurable health effects, this scenario has not yet been identified in South West England, and there is little reason to believe that significantly contaminated potable water supplies would escape detection for extended periods of time under the current monitoring regime.In relative terms (based on both globaland local data), one of the most significant links between contaminated soils and humans appears to be contaminated food stuffs. In absolute terms, such exposure is low due to the natural constraints on arsenic uptake by herbage, cereal crops and vegetables, and the food chain does not appear to have been significantly compromised in South West England. Chronic health effects are unlikely as excessive arsenic concentrations in locally grown food crops remain rare.With the problems of confounding medical and social factors, it is not surprising that studies in South West England have failed to identify chronic exposure to arsenic at very low concentrations as a significant health risk. Those studies that indicate otherwise do not stand up to close scrutiny. It appears that the number of additional deaths arising from the widespread arsenic contamination in South West England is small. The relative benefits of a costly statistical study to actually determine the number of additional deaths might be considered minimal, but one major area could benefit from further studies: the sensitivity of certain population sub-...

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Section: Inhalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Murphy et al (1989) estimated that the total inadvertent soil intake by this route was between zero and 50 mg day -1. Murphy et al (1989) estimated that the total inadvertent soil intake by this route was between zero and 50 mg day -1.…”

Section: Ingestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nature and significance of public exposure to arsenic: a review of its relevance to South West England

Mitchell

Barre

1995

Environ Geochem Health

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“…The surface and groundwater contamination by As has already been reported as a cause of acute toxic metal poisoning with severe health risks by various scientists (Hemond and Solo-Gabriele 2004;Murphy et al 1989). Despite the presence of various chemical and glass industries, the weathering process of rocks is the primary cause of As contamination in water and soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of potential soil adsorbent for the removal of hazardous metals from aqueous phase

Bhakta

Munekage

2012

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The present study attempted to identify the efficient hazardous metal-removing sorbent from specific types of soil, upper and middle layer shirasu, shell fossil, tuff, akadama and kanuma soils of Japan by physicochemical and metal (arsenic, cadmium and lead) removal characterizations. The physico-chemical characteristics of soil were evaluated using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy techniques, whereas metal removal properties of soil were characterized by analyzing removal capacity and sorption kinetics of potential metal-removing soils. The chemical characteristics revealed that all soils are prevalently constituted of silicon dioxide (21.83-78.58 %), aluminum oxide (4.13-38 %) and ferrous oxide (0.835-7.7 %), whereas calcium oxide showed the highest percentage (65.36 %) followed by silicon dioxide (21.83 %) in tuff soil. The results demonstrated that arsenic removal efficiency was higher in elevated aluminum oxide-containing akadama (0.00452 mg/L/g/h) and kanuma (0.00225 mg/L/ g/h) soils, whereas cadmium (0.00634 mg/L/g/h) and lead (0.00693 mg/L/g/h) removal efficiencies were maximum in elevated calcium oxide-containing tuff soil. Physicochemical sorption and ion exchange processes are the metal removal mechanisms. The critical appraisal of three metal removal data also clearly revealed cadmium [ lead [ arsenic order of removal efficiency in different soils, except in tuff and akadama soils followed by lead [ cadmium [ arsenic. It clearly signified that each type of soil had a specific metal adsorption affinity which was regulated by the specific chemical composition. It may be concluded that akadama would be potential arsenicremoving and tuff would be efficient cadmium and leadremoving soil sorbents.

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“…Günümüzde su kaynaklarının As ile kirlenmesi, dünya çapında ciddi bir sorun olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte birçok araştırmacı tarafından arseniğin sağlık riskleri belirlendiğinden, toprakta As kirliliği göz ardı edilemez [32], [33]. As ile kirlenmiş topraklarda yetişen bitkiler ve sebzeler de insanlar için As kaynağı olabilir [6].…”

Section: Arsenik Bileşikleri Ve Toksik Etkileriunclassified

Accumulation of arsenic in plants from arsenic contaminated irrigation water

Öztürk¹,

Aslan²,

Demirbaş³

2017

Pamukkale J Eng Sci

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GirişArsenik (As) ile kirlenmiş yeraltı suları içme ve kullanma suyu olarak kullanılmasının yanında, sulama suyu olarak da kullanılmaktadır. As içeren su ile sulanan bitkiler, doğrudan insanlar tarafından tüketilmekte veya bu bitkilerin otcul hayvanlar tarafından tüketilmesi ile besin zinciri yoluyla insanlara ulaşmaktadır. Özellikle As ile kirlenmiş toprak ve yeraltı suyunun bulunduğu bölgelerde yaşayan insanlar arseniği bünyelerine beslenme yoluyla (su, bitki ve hayvansal gıda) almaktadır. En yüksek güvenli As alım seviyesi (içme suyundan ve besinlerden) orta yaştaki bir erkek için 220 mg/gün olarak tanımlanmıştır [1].İçme suyunda, As derişiminin kısıtlanması ile As giderimine yönelik araştırma sayısında artış olmasına rağmen ülkemizde, içme ve kullanma suyu kaynaklarında, As kirliliği araştırmaları oldukça sınırlı sayıdadır. Atropojenik (yapay) yollarla sular, As kirlenmesine maruz kalırken, jeotermal kaynaklı suların kullanımı ile de su kaynaklarında As kirlenmesi belirlenmiştir. Doğal ve yapay yollarla As kirlenmesine maruz kalan toprak ve sulama sularının tarımsal amaçlı kullanımı ve etkileri hakkında ülkemizde çalışma bulunmamaktadır.Hayvan beslenmesinde temel gıda maddeleri olan hayvan yemi ve suyun kalitesi hakkında araştırmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. Hayvansal ürünlerde (et, sakatat ve süt) biriken kirleticiler (özellikle ağır metaller) besin zinciri yoluyla insanlara

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Health risk assessment for arsenic contaminated soil

Cited by 30 publications

References 20 publications

The nature and significance of public exposure to arsenic: a review of its relevance to South West England

The nature and significance of public exposure to arsenic: a review of its relevance to South West England

Identification of potential soil adsorbent for the removal of hazardous metals from aqueous phase

Accumulation of arsenic in plants from arsenic contaminated irrigation water

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