Health risk assessment and management of contaminated sites in Australia

Langley, Andrew

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-1626-5_9

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Children are at the highest risk from ingesting contaminants from soil, particularly at 2-3 years of age (Dudka and Miller 1999;Lottermoser 2002). Primarily, this high risk is attributed to the child's physiology and development, with increased hand-to-mouth activities allowing soil ingestion (Langley 1996;U.S. EPA 1996).…”

Section: Geology and Regolith Settingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Enrichment and exposure assessment of As, Cr and Pb of the soils in the vicinity of Stawell, Victoria, Australia

Noble

Hough

Watkins

2009

Environ Geochem Health

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Stawell Gold Mine in NW Victoria, Australia, mines ores that contain large concentrations of As and significant quantities of the metals Pb and Cr. The aim of this research was to understand the dispersion, enrichment and probable exposure of these potentially hazardous elements around the mine site. Fifty-five surface soil samples were collected near the mine (<15 km) and analysed by ICP-MS/OES following bioavailable and four-acid extractions. Soils near the mine show greater concentrations of As, Cr and Pb than those near a regionally determined background. This is attributed to the combination of a natural geochemical halo around mineralization and anthropogenic dispersion due to mining and urbanization. Total As concentrations were between 16 and 946 mg kg(-1) near the mine in a regional background of 1-16 mg kg(-1). Total Cr concentrations were between 18 and 740 mg kg(-1) near the mine in a regional background of 26-143 mg kg(-1). Total Pb concentrations were between 12 and 430 mg kg(-1) near the mine in a regional background of 9-23 mg kg(-1). Dispersion of contaminant elements from the present ore processing is <500 m. The most enriched soils occur close to the town and are unrelated to present mining practices. The bioavailable As, Cr and Pb, soil ingestion rates and Risk Reference Doses were used to estimate health risks. An average toddler (12 kg) would need to consume at least 1.5 g, and most likely 12 g, of soil per day to show some symptoms of As toxicity. The maximum measured bioavailable As would pose a risk at average ingestion rates of 200 mg per day. Individuals with soil-eating disorders would exceed the safe daily consumption limits for As, and potentially Cr and Pb. Small children are not typically exposed to soil everyday, very few have soil eating disorders, and, therefore, the health risk from the soils around the mine is minimal.

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Section: Geology and Regolith Settingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Enrichment and exposure assessment of As, Cr and Pb of the soils in the vicinity of Stawell, Victoria, Australia

Noble

Hough

Watkins

2009

Environ Geochem Health

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“…Calculations of particulate inhalation and subsequent ingestion follow that were presented in previous National Workshops on the Health Risk and Management of Contaminated Sites (Langley & El Saadi, 1991;Langley and van Alphen, 1993;Langley et al, 1996Langley et al, , 1998. Data and assumptions include:…”

Section: Inhalation and Ingestion Of Total Suspended Particulates (Tsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site Contamination Health Risk Assessment Case Study Involving Tenant Relocation from a Former Gasworks Site

Turczynowicz

Fitzgerald

Nitschke

et al. 2007

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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An Adelaide suburban public-housing residential site with 16 apartments was investigated after complaints of odor in some yard areas. A distinct 0.5-m layer of dark, odorous (tarry), contaminant material, which in some areas had been covered with plastic sheeting, was subsequently found beneath the topsoil across most of the site. This material appeared to extend beneath the apartments. Analysis indicated high levels of cyanide and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), consistent with gasworks waste. Historical investigation revealed that the site was originally owned by a gas company and that a large gasometer (gas-storage tank) existed in one corner of the site. This finding of significant soil contamination precipitated a decision by the health and housing authorities to notify tenants immediately and to plan for their relocation. In addition to tending to the consequent personal disruption and logistical difficulties this posed, a detailed risk assessment process was developed. Urine samples were collected before and after relocation and analyzed for 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), a biomarker for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure. In addition, samples of tap water, indoor and outdoor air, indoor and ceiling dust, carpets, and soil from tillage areas were analyzed for PAHs. Data indicated a low health risk associated with tenancy on the site. This report presents details of the health risk assessment process undertaken and discusses vindicative reasons for tenant relocation.

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“…Existem muitas definições de risco que variam desde definições amplas como risco é a probabilidade de danos, doenças, ou morte sob condições específicas (RAMAN, 1990) até definições mais específicas como risco é a probabilidade que um efeito adverso ocorra em um indivíduo ou grupo que está exposto a uma dose particular ou concentração de um agente perigoso (LANGLEY e VAN ALPHEN, 1993). O Quadro 4.2 apresenta algumas definições de risco.…”

Section: Conceito De Riscounclassified

Avaliação e gestão de riscos no controle da qualidade da água em redes de distribuição: estudo de caso

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Health risk assessment and management of contaminated sites in Australia

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Enrichment and exposure assessment of As, Cr and Pb of the soils in the vicinity of Stawell, Victoria, Australia

Enrichment and exposure assessment of As, Cr and Pb of the soils in the vicinity of Stawell, Victoria, Australia

Site Contamination Health Risk Assessment Case Study Involving Tenant Relocation from a Former Gasworks Site

Avaliação e gestão de riscos no controle da qualidade da água em redes de distribuição: estudo de caso

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