Health-Related Quality of Life and Work Productivity of Adults With ADHD: A U.K. Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey

Joseph, Alain; Kosmas, Charlotte E; Patel, C.; Doll, Helen; Asherson, Philip

doi:10.1177/1087054718799367

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Notably, while the above-mentioned areas of disability are certainly related to the ‘narrow’ ADHD symptomatology (see Table 1 ), they are not mutually equivalent (Boland et al 2020 ; Canadian ADHD Resource Alliance [CADDRA] ( 2018 ); Joseph et al 2019 ; Kooij et al 2019b ). Even though the severity of the core symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity (and, to a lesser extent, inattention [Franke et al 2018 ]) seems to decrease over time, no similar trend is observed in terms of corresponding impairment in daily functioning (Faraone et al 2015 , 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylphenidate for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults: a narrative review

2021

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Rationale Psychostimulants, including methylphenidate (MPH), are the mainstay of pharmacotherapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. Even though MPH is the most commonly used medication for ADHD these days, there are relatively few resources available that provide comprehensive insight into the pharmacological and clinical features of the compound. Objective The aim of this paper is to provide an up-to-date outline of the pharmacology and clinical utility of MPH for ADHD in adult patients. Methods While conducting the narrative review, we applied structured search strategies covering the two major online databases (MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials). In addition, we performed handsearching of reference lists of relevant papers. Results Methylphenidate exhibits multimodal mechanism of action, working primarily as a dopamine and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor. It also protects the dopaminergic system against the ongoing ‘wearing off’ (by securing a substantial reserve pool of the neurotransmitter, stored in the presynaptic vesicles). In placebo-controlled trials, MPH was shown to be moderately effective both against the core ADHD symptoms (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35–0.64), and the accompanying emotion regulation deficits (SMD, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.23–0.45). The most common adverse events related to long-term treatment with MPH are decreased appetite (~ 20%), dry mouth (15%), heart palpitations (13%), gastrointestinal infections (~ 10%), and agitation/feeling restless (~ 10%). Conclusions There is substantial body of evidence to suggest that MPH is an effective and safe treatment option for adults with ADHD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylphenidate for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults: a narrative review

2021

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“…ADHD diagnosis, in particular the combined type (hyperactive-impulsive subtype), was found to have an impact on reduced estimated life expectancy 16 . In addition, in adult ADHD, the assessed health-related quality of life, work productivity, and regular daily activities have been found to be impaired 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The stress–Wnt-signaling axis: a hypothesis for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and therapy approaches

et al. 2020

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric neurodevelopmental disorders in children and adolescents. Although ADHD has been studied for nearly a century, the cause and pathophysiology of ADHD is yet largely unknown. However, findings from previous studies have resulted in the formation of a new hypothesis: Apart from the well-known multifactorial etiology of ADHD, recent evidence suggests that the interaction between genetic and environmental factors and especially Wnt- and mTOR-signaling pathways might have an important role in the pathophysiology of ADHD. The Wnt-signaling pathway is known to orchestrate cellular proliferation, polarity, and differentiation, and the mTOR pathway is involved in several significant processes of neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity. As a result, dysregulations of these pathways in a time-dependent manner could lead to neurodevelopmental delays, resulting in ADHD phenotype. This review presents further evidence supporting our hypothesis by combining results from studies on ADHD and Wnt- or mTOR-signaling and the influence of genetics, methylphenidate treatment, Omega-3 supplementation, and stress.

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“…Speci cally, previous studies that examined QoL in college students with and without an ADHD diagnosis found that young adults with ADHD reported low QoL compared to their non-ADHD peers (5,15). In addition, ADHD symptom severity and functional impairment have been shown to predict lower QoL in adults with ADHD (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Yet, the relatively moderate effect sizes of the associations between ADHD symptoms and QoL imply that there may be additional factors contributing to QoL in adult ADHD (22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional Dysregulation And Quality of Life In Young Adults With ADHD- A Cross Sectional Study

Cohen

Eldar

Maeir

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Objective: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with emotional dysregulation (ED) and impaired quality of life (QoL). However, the role of ED in explaining the relationship between ADHD and QoL is unclear. The purpose of the present study was to do so in a sample of non-referred young adults with and without ADHD.Method: The study design was cross-sectional. A non-clinical sample of 62 young adults with ADHD (mean age = 24.86 years, SD = 3.25) and 69 controls (mean age = 23.84 years, SD = 2.59) were recruited. The Adult ADHD Quality-of-Life scale was used to measure QoL; The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale was used to measure ADHD symptoms. The Self-Report Wender-Reimherr Adult Attention Deficit Disorder Scale and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale were used to measure ED. Group differences on all measures were tested using univariate and multivariate analyses of covariance, while controlling for age. Univariate analyses of variance were conducted to investigate the possible effect of medication on all outcome measures in the ADHD group. Finally, a moderation analysis was used in order to examine the impact of ED on QoL beyond that accounted for by ADHD symptoms.Results: Both QoL and ED were significantly worse for the ADHD group compared to the control group. The medication status of the ADHD group participants had no significant effect on the level of ADHD symptoms, ED or QoL. ED moderated the effect of ADHD symptoms on QoL for the ADHD group.Conclusion: The findings support the centrality of ED in ADHD and its crucial influence on QoL. Young adults with ADHD and high levels of ED are at risk for aversive impact on their well-being regardless of their ADHD symptoms level.

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Health-Related Quality of Life and Work Productivity of Adults With ADHD: A U.K. Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey

Abstract: Adult ADHD impairs HRQoL, work productivity, and regular daily activities.

Cited by 22 publications

References 52 publications

Methylphenidate for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults: a narrative review

Methylphenidate for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults: a narrative review

The stress–Wnt-signaling axis: a hypothesis for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and therapy approaches

Emotional Dysregulation And Quality of Life In Young Adults With ADHD- A Cross Sectional Study

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