Health-related quality of life and its associated factors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract

Objective The present study aimed to evaluate HRQOL and to explore the factors associated with poor HRQOL among patients with COPD. Methods In the present cross-sectional study, the validated St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD patients (SGRQ-C) was used to evaluate HRQOL among 702 patients with COPD at two major hospitals in Jordan in the period between January and April 2022. Quantile regression analysis was used to explore the factors associated with HRQOL among the study participants. Results According to SGRQ-C, the HRQOL of the study participants was greatly impaired with a total SGRQ of 55.2 (34–67.8). The highest impairment in the HRQOL was in the impact domain with a median of 58.7 (29–76.3). Increased number of prescribed medications (β = 1.157, P<0.01), older age (β = 0.487, P<0.001), male gender (β = 5.364, P<0.01), low education level (β = 9.313, P<0.001), low and moderate average income (β = 6.440, P<0.05, and β = 6.997, P<0.01, respectively) were associated with poorer HRQOL. On the other hand, being married (β = -17.122, P<0.001), living in rural area (β = -6.994, P<0.01), non-use of steroids inhalers (β = -3.859, P<0.05), not receiving long acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) (β = -9.269, P<0.001), not receiving LABA (β = -8.243, P<0.001) and being adherent to the prescribed medications (β = -6.016, P<0.001) were associated with improved HRQOL. Furthermore, lower disease severity (stage A, B, and C) (β = -23.252, -10.389, and -9.696 respectively, P<0.001), and the absence of comorbidities (β = -14.303, P<0.001) were associated with better HRQOL. Conclusions In order to maximize HRQOL in patients with COPD, future COPD management interventions should adopt a multidisciplinary approach involving different healthcare providers, which aims to provide patient-centered care, implement personalized interventions, and improve medication adherence, particularly for patients who are elderly, males, have low socioeconomic status, receive multiple medications and have multiple comorbid diseases.