“…Activity levels in preschoolers are associated with time spent outdoors (Baranowski, Thompson, DuRant, Baranowski, & Puhl, 1993;Klesges, Eck, Hanson, Haddock, & Klesges, 1990;Sallis et al, 1993), and with number of play spaces close to home (Sallis et al, 1993). School-based opportunities for PA have been described to some extent in middle (Powers, Conway, McKenzie, Sallis, & Marshall, 2002), secondary (Allison & Adlaf, 2000), and elementary schools (Allison & Adlaf, 2000), and positive associations have been reported between PA levels of Grade 6 students and variables describing both the school physical (Smith, Bibeau, Altschuld, & Heit, 1988) and social (Gillander Gadin & Hammarstrom, 2002) environment. However, factors that influence the availability of PA opportunities for students in elementary schools have not been examined.…”