Health-Related Aspects of the Genus Aspergillus

Lewis, Christopher W.; Anderson, John G.; Smith, John E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2411-3_8

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger is widely used in industry for the production of citric acid and many different enzymes. In nature this fungus is found in soils, where it plays a central role in the global carbon cycle (Lewis and Smith, 1994). The natural ability to break down lignocellulose from plants, by production of hydrolytic and oxidative extracellular enzymes, makes it an interesting micro-organism for creating high sugar syrups (Pedersen et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological characterization of xylose metabolism in Aspergillus niger under oxygen‐limited conditions

Meijer

Panagiotou

Olsson

et al. 2007

Biotech & Bioengineering

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The physiology of Aspergillus niger was studied under different aeration conditions. Five different aeration rates were investigated in batch cultivations of A. niger grown on xylose. Biomass, intra- and extra-cellular metabolites profiles were determined and ten different enzyme activities in the central carbon metabolism were assessed. The focus was on organic acid production with a special interest in succinate production. The fermentations revealed that oxygen limitation significantly changes the physiology of the micro-organism. Changes in extra cellular metabolite profiles were observed, that is, there was a drastic increase in polyol production (erythritol, xylitol, glycerol, arabitol, and mannitol) and to a lesser extent in the production of reduced acids (malate and succinate). The intracellular metabolite profiles indicated changes in fluxes, since several primary metabolites, like the intermediates of the TCA cycle accumulated during oxygen limitation (on average three fold increase). Also the enzyme activities showed changes between the exponential growth phase and the oxygen limitation phase. In general, the oxygen availability has a significant impact on the physiology of this fungus causing dramatic alterations in the central carbon metabolism that should be taken into account in the design of A. niger as a succinate cell factory.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological characterization of xylose metabolism in Aspergillus niger under oxygen‐limited conditions

Meijer

Panagiotou

Olsson

et al. 2007

Biotech & Bioengineering

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“…Depending on their degradation potential and their ability to grow at elevated temperatures, they are active at different moments durmg the process. AF is not only an opportunistic pathogen which can cause infections (aspergilloma; infectious aspergillosis) m immunodepressed people, but also a powerful allergen, provokmg immunoallergic diseases like allergic broncho-pulmonary aspergillosis and allergic alveolitis (Lewis et al 1994). Because of its thermotolerance (optimal growth at 37°C, good growth between 30 and 45°C, maximal growth at 52°C) (Kozakiewicz & Smith 1994), it finds ideal proliferation conditions m young compost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspergillus fumigatus in windrow composting: effect of turning frequency

et al. 1998

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classic, open-air windrow composting site was investigated. Independent of the turning frequency, the intially high concentrations of AF (>10 6 cfu/gDW ) were strongly reduced already after 2 weeks of composting in the center of all experimental windrows, as well as at the surface of those being turned frequently (daily). Surface AF counts, however, remained elevated (>10 4 cfu/gDW ) for the less frequently (weekly to monthly) turned windrows. Also, in this case, concentrations of AF dispersed in the air were higher. Temperature, the main factor for eliminating AF, rose faster, more homogeneously, and reached higher values in the more frequently (daily and/or weekly) turned composts than in those turned less frequently. Significant differences were seen between daily and weekly turnings of material with high a C/N ratio (40: 1), but not for the more nutrient rich composts (C/N 30:1), where temperatures were generally higher.Due to the reduction of AF on the compost surface by frequent turnings, health risks for the personnel working at composting sites can be diminished.

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“…The genus Aspergillus is found worldwide, and is one of the most common groups of all fungi [57,58,59] Aspergillus fumigatus is a dominant agent causing allergic broncho-pulmonary aspergillosis [57,60,61]. Aspergillosis is the second most common fungal infection in the U.S. requiring hospitalization.…”

Section: Environmental Factors Related To Sick Building Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aspergillosis is the second most common fungal infection in the U.S. requiring hospitalization. There is evidence supporting links with aspergilli and other fungi in relation to SBS [57]. …”

Section: Environmental Factors Related To Sick Building Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

The Built Environment—A Missing “Cause of the Causes” of Non-Communicable Diseases

Walls,

Boulic,

Boddy

2016

IJERPH

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The United Nations “25 × 25 Strategy” of decreasing non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and chronic respiratory diseases, by 25% by 2025 does not appear to take into account all causes of NCDs. Its focus is on a few diseases, which are often linked with life-style factors with “voluntary” “modifiable behavioral risk factors” causes tending towards an over-simplification of the issues. We propose to add some aspects of our built environment related to hazardous building materials, and detailed form of the construction of infrastructure and buildings, which we think are some of the missing causes of NCDs. Some of these could be termed “involuntary causes”, as they relate to factors that are beyond the control of the general public.

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Health-Related Aspects of the Genus Aspergillus

Cited by 11 publications

References 59 publications

Physiological characterization of xylose metabolism in Aspergillus niger under oxygen‐limited conditions

Physiological characterization of xylose metabolism in Aspergillus niger under oxygen‐limited conditions

Aspergillus fumigatus in windrow composting: effect of turning frequency

The Built Environment—A Missing “Cause of the Causes” of Non-Communicable Diseases

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